Question

Mongolism is also known as

• A. Klinefelter’s syndrome
• B. Turner’s syndrome
• C. Hypothalamic syndrome
• D. Down’s syndrome

Answer 1

The correct option is D

Down’s syndrome

The correct option is D:

Explanation of the correct option: -

1. Trisomy 21, the most frequent variant of Down syndrome (also known as mongolism), is a disease in which people have 47 chromosomes in each cell instead of 46.
2. Nondisjunction is a type of cell division defect that causes trisomy 21. Before or during conception, an extra copy of chromosome 21 is left in a sperm or egg cell.

Explanations of the incorrect options: -

Option A: -

1. Klinefelter syndrome is a male-specific genetic disorder that is frequently identified in maturity.
2. Klinefelter syndrome can disrupt testicular growth, resulting in smaller-than-normal testicles and reduced testosterone output.

Option B: -

1. Turner syndrome is caused by a missing or partially absent X chromosome (sex chromosome).
2. Turner syndrome can result in a range of medical and developmental issues, including short stature, ovaries that do not mature properly, and heart anomalies.

Option C: -

1. Hypothalamic syndrome (HS) is a disorder that occurs when the hypothalamus is damaged, which can be caused by diseases or their treatment.
2. The most common causes of HS are neoplastic illnesses such as craniopharyngioma (a histologically low-grade tumor of the intrasellar or suprasellar region).

Final Answer: Mongolism is also known as Down's Syndrome.