Question

What are miRNA and siRNA?

Answer 1

RNA:

1. RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a complicated high-molecular-weight chemical that aids in the creation of cellular proteins and, in some viruses, replaces DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) as a genetic code carrier.
2. RNA is made up of phosphodiester bonds connecting ribose nucleotides (nitrogenous bases bonded to a ribose sugar) to form variable length strands. The nitrogen bases of RNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil, which replace thymine in DNA.
3. The only difference between RNA and DNA is that RNA has only one strand, whereas DNA has two strands and is made up of a single ribose sugar molecule. Ribonucleic acid is the result of this. Because it aids chemical reactions in the body, RNA is sometimes known as an enzyme.

miRNA and siRNA:

1. miRNA or siRNA can mediate the RNA interference process. Both of these activities are carried out by the dicer enzyme in the cell and are part of the RISC complex.
2. Exogenous double-stranded RNA eaten by cells via viruses as vectors is known as siRNA.
3. When DNA fragments are utilised to clone a gene for the development of a GMO, these vectors come into play.
4. MiRNA is a single-stranded RNA that is derived from endogenous non-coding RNA. This type of RNA can be found in the introns of large RNA molecules.
5. While siRNA's association with its target animal is stated to be a perfect match for the sequence, miRNA can display the translation of a variety of mRNA sequences due to their poor coupling.