Question

What are the challenges observed in the flower post-fertilization?

Answer 1

The challenges observed in the flower post-fertilization:

1. In fertilization, the sperm cell in a pollen tube fuses with the egg cell of an ovule.
2. It forms a plant embryo.
3. The post-fertilization events occur after the formation of the zygote.
4. Several challenges are observed in this stage.
5. The challenges are:

Early embryonic development

1. It refers to the critical developmental phase in flowering plants.
2. The basic features of the plant body such as different tissue layers, the apical-basal axis of polarity, and both the root pole and the shoot pole are established.

Establishing multi-cellularity

1. In this phase, cell division occurs and the number of cells increases rapidly.
2. It allows an increase in complexity by differentiating cell types.

Formation of blastula

In the mitotic cell division of the zygote, a multicellular cluster is formed known as a blastula.

Formation of embryonic germ layer

1. When the rate of mitotic cell division reduces, the cells in the blastula change their positions relative to one another.
2. It is called gastrulation which involves forming three germ layers.
3. Those are ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Formation of a seed

1. The double fertilization in the angiosperms develops the ovule into a seed.
2. The seeds are developed within the fruits.

Formation of a fruit

1. After cell division and differentiation, the ovary turns into a fruit.
2. The wall of the ovary develops into the wall of a fruit named pericarp which may be fleshy or may be leathery and dry.
3. Pericarp generally helps in protecting the seeds.

The parts of a flower