Question

What are the parts of a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 1

Prokaryotic cell:

1. Prokaryotic cells lack a proper nucleus and are characterised by membrane-bound organelles.
2. Single-celled microbes known as prokaryotic cells are the oldest on the planet. Bacteria and Archaea are examples of prokaryotes. Cyanobacteria, which perform photosynthesis, are among the photosynthetic prokaryotes.
3. Prokaryotic cells have a variety of characteristics. The following are the properties of prokaryotic cells:
   1. Nuclear membranes are absent in prokaryotic organisms.
   2. Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, chloroplasts, and lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that are absent in prokaryotic cells.
   3. A single chromosome contains all of the genetic material.
   4. They lack histone proteins, which are essential components of eukaryotic chromosomes.
   5. The plasma membrane serves as a substitute for the mitochondrial membrane, which transports respiratory enzymes.
4. A nuclear membrane does not exist in a prokaryotic cell. The genetic material, on the other hand, is found in the nucleoid, a cytoplasmic area. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes, including spherical, rod-shaped, and spiral.
5. The four main components of prokaryotic cells are:
   1. Plasma Membrane: It's a layer of phospholipid molecules that protects the cell from the outside world.
   2. Cytoplasm: Inside the cell, there is a jelly-like substance. It holds all of the cell organelles in suspension.
   3. DNA: It is the cell's genetic material. Circular DNA is found in all prokaryotes. It controls which proteins the cell produces. It also controls the cell's operations.
   4. Ribosomes: This is where protein synthesis takes place.