Question

Difference between cloning and tissue culture:

Answer 1

Cloning:

1. Cloning involves creating a replica of a biological entity through asexual reproduction.
2. Cloning, the process of generating a genetically identical copy of a cell or an organism.
3. Cloning happens all the time in nature.
4. For example, when a cell replicates itself asexually without any genetic alteration or recombination.

Tissue culture:

1. Tissue culture is a technique in which fragments of plants are cultured and grown in a laboratory.
2. Many times the organs are also used for tissue culture.
3. The media used for the growth of the culture is broth and agar.
4. This technique is also known as micropropagation.
5. There are different types of tissue cultures, such as seed culture, callus culture, embryo culture, organ culture, and protoplast culture.

Differences between cloning and tissue culture:

Cloning	Tissue culture
1. A complete new individual or a cell is formed from a single cell.	1. It involves producing huge numbers of plantlets in shorter duration as seen in micropropagation.
2. In DNA cloning, selected DNA fragments are introduced into plasmids with the help of enzymes.	2. Tissue culture occurs through the Initiation phase, multiplication phase, root formation, shoot formation, and acclimatization.
3. In this process, DNA ligase and restriction enzymes are used.	3. It involves both plant and animal cells.