Vertical farming is the agricultural method by which crops are grown in various vertically stacked layers.
It is often done in a controlled environment using techniques like aquaponics, hydroponics, and aeroponics, which do not make use of soil.
Hydroponics: Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without the involvement of soil.
Here, plant roots are submerged in magnesium, nitrogen, potassium calcium, etc. Such solutions support roots, improving chances of higher yield and reducing dependence on water.