Question

Where is ATP synthase found?

Answer 1

ATP synthase :

1. Complex$\mathrm{V}$, or human mitochondrial ATP synthase, is made up of two functional domains: ${\mathrm{F}}_1$, which is found in the mitochondrial matrix, and ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{o}}$, which is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
2. Complex $\mathrm{V}$ phosphorylates ADP to ATP using the energy generated by the proton electrochemical gradient.
3. In mitochondria, ATP synthase is part of the electron transport chain's complex $\mathrm{V}$.
4. It catalyses the conversion of ADP to ATP.
5. In plants, ATP synthase generates ATP by following a proton gradient formed in the thylakoid lumen through the thylakoid membrane and into the chloroplast stroma.
6. The ATP synthase complex is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes, and the ATP production process occurs on the membrane side toward the matrix compartment.
7. The primary location of ATP generation via the electron transport system, the mitochondria, are absent from prokaryotic cells.
8. The cell membrane of prokaryotic organisms contains the enzymes needed for ATP generation.
9. ATP synthase is made up of two major subunits, ${\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{o}}$ and ${\mathrm{F}}_1$, that work together to produce ATP through a revolving motor mechanism.
10. It binds ADP to inorganic phosphate through an electrical and chemical gradient, forming a new phosphate-phosphate bond and releasing ATP as a consequence.