Question

Which one of the following is a xerophytic plant in which the stem is modified into the flat green and succulent structure?

• A. Opuntia
• B. Acacia
• C. Hydrilla
• D. Casuarina

Answer 1

The correct option is A

Opuntia

The correct option is A.

The explanation for the correct option:

1. Plants growing in hot and dry regions such as deserts are called xerophytes.
2. Opuntia is a xerophytic plant where the plant body modifies itself in flat, green succulent structure so as to avoid water loss.
3. By modifying the Stem into a flat leaf-like structure, and reducing leaves into spines, more photosynthesis and less transpiration are achieved.

The explanation for the incorrect options:

Option B:

1. Acacia is a xerophytic Plant, where we observe leaves are reduced to leaflets, and spines are developed.
2. To reduce water loss, the modification is done.

Option C:

1. Hydrilla is an aquatic plant where modifications are done for surviving in aquatic conditions.
2. The roots of the plant are submerged into the soil underwater and with a long stem, its leaves come above the surface for respiration.

Option D:

1. Casuarina is a xerophytic Plant where leaves are modified to scaly leaves in a bunch of 5-20 on a slender stem.
2. This is done to reduce transpiration during extreme climatic conditions.

Final answer: Opuntia is a xerophytic plant in which the stem is modified into a flat, green, and succulent structure.