Question

Which one of the following is the most abundant protein in the animals?

• A. Lectin
• B. Insulin
• C. Haemoglobin
• D. Collagen

Answer 1

The correct option is D

Collagen

The correct option is D.
Explanation for the correct option:

1. The most prevalent protein in animals is collagen.
2. The primary structural protein in the extracellular matrix that makes up the many connective tissues of the body is collagen.
3. As the primary part of connective tissue, collagen is essential for binding the cells of the body together.
4. Collagen and other proteins are responsible for the suppleness and elasticity of the skin.
5. It makes up three-quarters of our skin and a third of the protein in our body, and it is found in our bones, muscles, and blood.
6. Glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline are the three amino acids that make up the majority of collagen.
7. The triple-helix structure of collagen is made up of these amino acids, which are organised into three strands.
8. Collagen is created and maintained by fibroblasts, which are connective tissue cells.
9. Collagen fragmentation reduced fibroblast activity and slowed collagen production are all effects of ageing.

Explanations for the incorrect options:
Option A:

1. Lectins, which are proteins that bind carbohydrates and are extremely selective for sugar groups found in other molecules, can cause specific cells to clump together or precipitate glycoconjugates and polysaccharides.
2. A superfamily of mannose-specific lectins is called the monocot mannose-binding lectin.
3. The monocotyledonous plants are the only ones that contain them.

Option B:

1. The islets of Langerhans in the pancreas produce the hormone insulin, which controls blood glucose levels.
2. One type of diabetes is brought on by insufficient insulin.
3. Insulin is produced artificially or from animals to treat diabetes.
4. The body gets its insulin primarily from the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach.
5. The hormone is produced by groups of cells in the pancreas known as islets, and the amount produced is dependent on the body's blood glucose levels.

Option C:

1. Our red blood cells include a protein called haemoglobin.
2. Our bodies receive oxygen thanks to our red blood cells.
3. Our cells are given energy by oxygen.
4. For the creation of blood, iron is crucial.
5. Haemoglobin, a component of our blood's red blood cells, and myoglobin, a component of muscle cells, make up about 70% of the iron in our bodies.
   

Final answer: Collagen is the most abundant protein in animals.