Question

Which Type Of RNA In Bacteria Provides Them With The Template?

Answer 1

The mRNA provides the template.

1. Jacob and Monad gave the name “messenger RNA”. It is a long polymeric molecule made up of nucleotides.
2. mRNA is a long, single-stranded molecule consisting of nucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. It contains four nitrogenous bases, adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil. The RNA is complementary to one of the DNA strands except for uracil instead of thymine in DNA.
3. The mature mRNA consists of the following regions: 5′ cap, 5′ UTR, coding region, 3′ UTR, and poly(A) tail.
4. Coding region – It is made up of codons, i.e. triplet of nucleotides. Each codon codes for specific amino acids and codons in mRNA get translated by ribosomes to amino acids in a polypeptide chain. The coding region begins with the start codon, i.e. ‘AUG’ and ends with any of the stop codons, i.e. UAG, UAA or UGA. A portion of the coding sequence may also have a regulatory function.
5. Untranslated regions or UTRs – They are present at 5’ and 3’ regions before and after the coding region, respectively. Untranslated regions are present before the start codon and after the stop codon. They have a role to play in gene expression. They are involved in the stability of RNA, the efficiency of translation and mRNA localisation.
6. 5’ Cap – A cap of methyl guanosine triphosphate is present at the 5’-end.
7. Poly(A) Tail – Polyadenylate tail is present at the 3’-end.