(−1)−3 is
(−1)−3 = 1(−1)3 (−1)3 = (-1)×(-1)×(-1) = 1×(-1) = -1 So 1(−1)3= 1−1 = -1 So (−1)−3 = -1
The value of √3−1√3+1+√3+1√3−1 is