1. Inequitable distribution of all kinds of resources is certainly one of the strongest and most sinister sources of conflict.
2. Even without war, we know that conflicts continue to trouble us - they only change in character.
3. Extensive disarmament is the only insurance for our future; imagine the amount of resources that can be released and redeployed.
4. The economies of the industrialized western world derive 20% of their income from the sale of all kinds of arms.

IJJI

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JIJF

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IIJF

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JIIF

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IIFI

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Solution

The correct option is D JIIF
The first sentence is to be evaluated as a Judgement or an Inference. ‘Most sinister’ is neither verified nor verifiable. It is clearly an opinion, making it a Judgement. This eliminates options 1, 3 and 5.
Evaluating options 2 and 4, one has to decide whether statement 3 is an Inference or a Judgment. ‘Only insurance’ is neither a verified fact nor a verifiable inference. Hence it is a judgment, which eliminates option 2.

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Directions for questions: Each question has a set of four sequentially ordered statements. Each statement can be classified as one of the following.

- Facts which deal with pieces of information that one has heard, seen or read, and which are open to discovery or verification (the answer option indicates such a statement with an ‘F’)

- Inferences, which are conclusions drawn about the unknown, on the basis of the known (the answer option indicates such a statement with an ‘I’)

- Judgments, which are opinions that imply approval or disapproval of persons, objects situations and occurrences in the past, the present or the future (the answer option indicates such a statement with a ‘J’)

Select the answer option that best describes the set of statements.
1. Inequitable distribution of all kinds of resources is certainly one of the strongest and most sinister sources of conflict
2. Even without war, we know that conflicts continue to trouble us - they only change in character.
3. Extensive disarmament is the only insurance for our future; imagine the amount of resources that can be released and redeployed.
4. The economies of the industrialized western world derive 20% of their income from the sale of all kinds of arms.

Q. undefined

Q. “We have not inherited the world from our forefathers — we have borrowed it from our children.”
Since the second half of the twentieth century, a number of scientists have been warning that the present type, and levels, of development are not sustainable.
Recent evidence suggests that the groundwater is under serious threat of overuse in many parts of the country. About 300 districts have reported a water level decline of over 4 metres during the past 20 years. Nearly one-third of the country is overusing their groundwater reserves. In another 25 years, 60 percent of the country would be doing the same if the present way of using this resource continues. Groundwater overuse is particularly found in the agriculturally prosperous regions of Punjab and Western U.P., hard rock plateau areas of central and south India, some coastal areas and the rapidly growing urban settlements.
Groundwater is an example of renewable resources. These resources are replenished by nature as in the case of crops and plants. However, even these resources may be overused. For example, in the case of groundwater, if we use more than what is being replenished by rain then we would be overusing this resource. Non-renewable resources are those which will get exhausted after a few years of use. We have a fixed stock on earth which cannot be replenished. We do discover new resources that we did not know of earlier. New sources in this way add to the stock. However, over time, even this will get exhausted. For example, at the present rate of extraction the crude oil reserves would last only 50 years more.
Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries; this issue is no longer region or nation specific. Our future is linked together.

Read the following statements and find the correct option:
I. The present levels and type of development are not sustainable.
II. We should stop all the activities of development to attain sustainable development.
III. The declining groundwater will be a serious problem in the future.

[0.8 marks]

Q. Which kind of materials (resources) can be extinct in future?

Q. “We have not inherited the world from our forefathers — we have borrowed it from our children.”
Since the second half of the twentieth century, a number of scientists have been warning that the present type, and levels, of development are not sustainable.
Recent evidence suggests that the groundwater is under serious threat of overuse in many parts of the country. About 300 districts have reported a water level decline of over 4 metres during the past 20 years. Nearly one-third of the country is overusing their groundwater reserves. In another 25 years, 60 percent of the country would be doing the same if the present way of using this resource continues. Groundwater overuse is particularly found in the agriculturally prosperous regions of Punjab and Western U.P., hard rock plateau areas of central and south India, some coastal areas and the rapidly growing urban settlements.
Groundwater is an example of renewable resources. These resources are replenished by nature, as in the case of crops and plants. However, even these resources may be overused. For example, in the case of groundwater, if we use more than what is being replenished by rain, then we would be overusing this resource. Non-renewable resources are those which will get exhausted after a few years of use. We have a fixed stock on earth which cannot be replenished. We do discover new resources that we did not know of earlier. New sources in this way add to the stock. However, over time, even this will get exhausted. For example, at the present rate of extraction, the crude oil reserves would last only 50 years more.
Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries; this issue is no longer region or nation specific. Our future is linked together.

What does ‘We have not inherited the world from our forefathers — we have borrowed it from our children’ mean in the context of the above paragraph?

[0.8 marks]

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