Question

$1)$ Write chemical equation for the following reaction:

$A)$ $\text{Reaction of ethanolic}N{H}_3$ with $C_2{H}_{5}Cl.$

$2)$ Write chemical equation for the following reaction:

$B)$ Ammonolysis of benzyl chloride and reaction of amine so formed with two moles of $C{H}_{3}Cl.$

Answer 1

A.Reaction of ethanolic $N{H}_3$ with $C_2{H}_{5}Cl$

When an alkyl halide reacts with alcoholic ammonia, it produces primary amine. The reaction doesn't stop here, and primary amine further reacts and produces secondary amine. Then after that secondary amine reacts further and produces tertiary amine which reacts further to produce quaternary ammonium salt.

All involved reactions shown below:


$B$ Reaction of benzyl chloride with ammonia

When benzyl chloride is reacted with ammonia, benzylamine is formed as a product. In this reaction, ammonia act as a nucleophile which reacts with benzyl chloride to give primary amine in a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

Involved reaction shown below:


Reaction of benzylamine with $C{H}_{3}Cl$

When $C{H}_{3}Cl$ is reacted with benzylamine, $\text{N,N− Dimethylphenylmethanamine}$ is formed as a product.

In this reaction benzylamine act as a nucleophile which reacts with $C{H}_{3}Cl$ to give $\text{N,N− Dimethylphenylmethanamine}$ in a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

Involved reaction shown below: