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Ostwald Dilution Law

14 A weak aci...

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14 A weak acid H3A has the three consecutive dissociation constants K1, K2 and K3 in water as 1.0 104, 1.0 108 and 1.0 1016 respectively at room temperature. A metal M forms salt MA which is sparingly soluble (solubility product 1030 ) in water. It also forms a water soluble chloride MCl3 which dissociates into M3+ and Cl ions completely in aqueous solution. For an aqueous solution of the acid H3A of concentration C ( 1 M) at room temperature, the correct statement(s) is/are: (A) The acid acts as a dibasic acid. (B) The H+ ion concentration in the solution is close to (K1C)1/2 . (C) The H+ ion concentration in the solution is (3K1 K2 K3C)1/4 . (D) On addition of excess of the soluble salt MCl3 to the acid solution, the H+ ion concentration in the solution will be 3C.

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H_{3} A

K_{1}, K_{2}

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1.0 \times 10^{- 4}, 1.0 \times 10^{- 8}

1.0 \times 10^{- 16}

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\sim 10^{- 30})

M C l_{3}

M^{3 +}

C l^{-}

H_{3} A

C (\sim 1 M)

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0.10 M

1.0 \times 10^{- 5} m o l L^{- 1}

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A B

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