18. In ________ layer of atmosphere TV waves do not get reflected. Hence, artificial satellites are used for television transmission.

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Solution

The ionosphere forms the boundary between Earth's lower atmosphere and space.
The ionosphere stretches roughly 50 to 400 miles above Earth's surface, right at the edge of space.
Gases in these layers are excited by solar radiation to form ions, which have an electrical charge, thus TV waves do not get reflected.
Hence, in the ionosphere layer of the atmosphere TV waves do not get reflected. Hence, artificial satellites are used for television transmission.

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Q. Answer the following questions: (a) Long distance radio broadcasts use short-wave bands. Why? (b) It is necessary to use satellites for long distance TV transmission. Why? (c) Optical and radiotelescopes are built on the ground but X-ray astronomy is possible only from satellites orbiting the earth.Why? (d) The small ozone layer on top of the stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why? (e) If the earth did not have an atmosphere, would its average surface temperature be higher or lower than what it is now? (f ) Some scientists have predicted that a global nuclear war on the earth would be followed by a severe ‘nuclear winter’ with a devastating effect on life on earth. What might be the basis of this prediction?

Answer the following questions:

(a) Long distance radio broadcasts use short-wave bands. Why?

(b) It is necessary to use satellites for long distance TV transmission. Why?

(c) Optical and radio telescopes are built on the ground but X-ray astronomy is possible only from satellites orbiting the earth. Why?

(d) The small ozone layer on top of the stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why?

(e) If the earth did not have an atmosphere, would its average surface temperature be higher or lower than what it is now?

(f) Some scientists have predicted that a global nuclear war on the earth would be followed by a severe ‘nuclear winter’ with a devastating effect on life on earth. What might be the basis of this prediction?

Q. Space wave propagation is used in
a) microwave communication
b) satellite communication
c) TV transmission

Q. Assertion: Artificial satellites are not necessary for long distance TV transmission
Reason: TV signals are not reflected by the ionosphere. They are reflected back to the earth from an earth station by artificial satellites

Q. Explain how artificial satellites help in transmission of television programmes over large areas.

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