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Electronic Configuration of d-Block Elements

2 Inert pair ...

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2 Inert pair effect represents the electrons of the valence electrons to be available for bonding as compared to the valence electrons ""due to their greater penetration in the nucleus""

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The valence "s” electrons act as inner core electrons due to poor shielding of "d” and "f”. This is known as the inert pair effect.

Q. The pair of valence electrons which participate in bonding is termed as bond pair.

Q. The pair of valence electrons which participates in bonding is termed as lone pair.

Q. The nuclear charge actually experienced by an electron is termed as the effective nuclear charge. The effective nuclear charge Z* actually depends on the type of shell and orbital in which electron is actually present. The relative extent to which the various orbitals penetrate the electron clouds of other orbitals is

s > p > d > f

(for the same value of

n

)
The phenomenon in which penultimate shell electrons act as screen or shield in between nucleus and valence shell electrons and thereby reducing nuclear charge is known as shielding effect. The penultimate shell electrons repel the valence shell electron to keep them loosely held with the nucleus. It is thus evident that more is the shielding effect, lesser is the effective nuclear charge and lesser is the ionization energy.
Which of the following valence electron experience maximum effective nuclear charge?

Q. In an atom, electrons are arranged around the nucleus in various shells. What do ‘valence electrons’ refer to?

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Electronic Configuration of d-Block Elements

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