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Question

23. a. You are given a glass full of muddy water. The steps you should take to get clear water from it are listed below. Arrange these steps in the correct order.
i. Line a funnel with filter paper or cloth.
ii. Allow the water to stand, without disturbing it.
iii. Gently pour out the liquid portion into another glass.
iv. Throw away the thick muddy water left behind in the first glass.
v. Pour the water into the funnel.
vi. The mud particles, being heavier, will settle at the bottom.
vii. Collect the clear water that comes through the funnel.


b. Give a single word that explains the steps described in ii and v.


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Solution

a. The steps we should take to get clear water from muddy water are as follows:

ii. Allow the water to stand, without disturbing it.
vi. The mud particles, being heavier, will settle at the bottom.
iii. Gently pour out the liquid portion into another glass.
iv. Throw away the thick muddy water left behind in the first glass.
i. Line a funnel with filter paper or cloth.
v. Pour the water into the funnel.
vii. Collect the clear water that comes through the funnel.

b.

  • Sedimentation is the process of allowing particles in dirty water to settle down due to gravity. Only heavier particles such as sand and gravel can be filtered out using this process.
  • Hence, the step described in (ii) is sedimentation.
  • Filtration is a process in which we clean the water using a filter. The filter separates out any impurity which is larger than the holes in the filter. A filter can remove small dirt particles from the water but cannot remove the dissolved salt.
  • Hence, the step described in (v) is filtration.

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