3. Write equations for reactions of potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus with oxygen.

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Solution

Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides. Some examples are as follows:
(i) Potassium burns spontaneously and violently in the air to form potassium oxide. The reaction is as follows: $4 K + O_{2} \to 2 K_{2} O$
(ii) When magnesium ribbon is burnt is heated over a flame in the air, it forms magnesium oxide. The reaction is as follows: $2 Mg + O_{2} \to 2 MgO$
(iii) White phosphorus burns spontaneously in the air to form Phosphorus pentoxide. The reaction is as follows: $4 P + 5 O_{2} \to P_{4} O_{10}$

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