54. Which among the following belong to the category of 3rd generation Biofuel?
54. Which among the following belong to the category of 3rd generation Biofuel?
The correct option is C Algae
Third generation biofuels derived from microalgae are considered to be a viable alternative energy resource that is devoid of the major drawbacks associated with first and second generation biofuels. The utilization of microalgae for biofuels production offers the following advantages over higher plants:
1. Microalgae synthesize and accumulate large quantities of neutral lipids (20–50 % dry weight of biomass) and grow at high rates;
2. Microalgae are capable of all year round production; therefore, oil yield per area of microalgae cultures could greatly exceed the yield of best oilseed crops;
3. Microalgae need less water than terrestrial crops therefore reducing the load on freshwater sources;
4. Microalgae cultivation does not require herbicides or pesticides application;
5. Microalgae sequester CO2 from flue gases emitted from fossil fuel-fired power plants and other sources, thereby reducing emissions of a major greenhouse gas (1 kg of dry algal biomass utilise about 1.83 kg of CO2);
6. Wastewater bioremediation by removal of NH4+ , NO3- , PO4 3- from a variety of wastewater sources (e.g. agricultural run-off, concentrated animal feed operations, and industrial and municipal wastewaters);
7. Combined with their ability to grow under harsher conditions and their reduced needs for nutrients, microalgae can be cultivated in saline/brackish water/coastal seawater on non-arable land, and do not compete for resources with conventional agriculture
Third generation biofuels derived from microalgae are considered to be a viable alternative energy resource that is devoid of the major drawbacks associated with first and second generation biofuels. The utilization of microalgae for biofuels production offers the following advantages over higher plants:
1. Microalgae synthesize and accumulate large quantities of neutral lipids (20–50 % dry weight of biomass) and grow at high rates;
2. Microalgae are capable of all year round production; therefore, oil yield per area of microalgae cultures could greatly exceed the yield of best oilseed crops;
3. Microalgae need less water than terrestrial crops therefore reducing the load on freshwater sources;
4. Microalgae cultivation does not require herbicides or pesticides application;
5. Microalgae sequester CO2 from flue gases emitted from fossil fuel-fired power plants and other sources, thereby reducing emissions of a major greenhouse gas (1 kg of dry algal biomass utilise about 1.83 kg of CO2);
6. Wastewater bioremediation by removal of NH4+ , NO3- , PO4 3- from a variety of wastewater sources (e.g. agricultural run-off, concentrated animal feed operations, and industrial and municipal wastewaters);
7. Combined with their ability to grow under harsher conditions and their reduced needs for nutrients, microalgae can be cultivated in saline/brackish water/coastal seawater on non-arable land, and do not compete for resources with conventional agriculture
