Earth Pressure at Rest

Q.

What is damping and its types?

Q. The earth pressure behind a bridge abutment is:

1. Active
2. Passive
3. At rest
4. Constant always and every where

Q. In a braced vertical excavation of 5 m height and 2.50 m width in a cohesive soil having undrained cohesion equal to $20kN/m^2$ and bulk unit weight of $20kN/m^3$, what is the factor of safety against heave failure at its base?

1. 1.0
2. 1.20
3. 1.40
4. 2.0

Q. Given that for a soil deposit,
$K_o=$ earth pressure coefficient at rest
$K_a=$ active earth pressure coefficient
$K_p=$ passive earth pressure coefficient
$\mu =$ Poisson's ratio.
The value of $(1-\mu )/\mu$ is given by

1. $K_a/K_p$
2. $K_o/K_a$
3. $K_p/K_a$
4. $1/K_o$

Q. An earth-retaining structure may be subjected to the following lateral earth pressures:
1. Earth pressure at rest
2. Passive earth pressure
3. Active earth pressure
The correct sequence of the increasing order of the magnitudes of these pressures is

1. 3, 2, 1
2. 1, 3, 2
3. 1, 2, 3
4. 3, 1, 2

Q. When movement of a wall under the earth pressures from the backfill was prevented the coefficient of earth pressure was recorded as 0.5. The ratio of the coefficient of passive and active earth pressure of the backfill is

1. 1/3
2. 3
3. 1/9
4. 9

Q. Directions: The following items consists of two statements; one labelled as 'Assertion (A)' and the other as 'Reason (R)'. You are to examine these two statements carefully and select the answers to these items using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): The earth pressure at rest is greater than active pressure but less than passive earth pressure.
Reason (R): When the wall moves away from backfill from the rest condition, the mobilization of the internal resistance of soil occurs; on the other hand, if the wall moves towards the fill, the shearing resistance build up.
Codes:

1. both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
3. A is true but R is false
4. A is false but R is true

Q. Match List-I (Type of structure) with List-II (Type of pressure exerted by sandy back fill) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List-I
A. A masonry retaining wall founded on compressible clay
B. Pressure on the back of a cantilever sheet pile wall near the embedded end
C. A masonry retaining wall founded on rock
Lit-II
1. Active pressure
2. Earth pressure at rest
3. Passive earth pressure
Codes:
A B C

1. 1 3 2
2. 3 2 1
3. 3 1 2
4. 2 3 1

Q. The correct sequence of the given parameters in descending order of earth pressure intensity is

1. active, passive, at rest
2. passive, active, at rest
3. passive, at rest, active
4. at rest, passive, active

Q.

Why is damping important?

Q. Consider the following statements:

1. They yield of a retaining wall required to reach plastic equilibrium in active case is more than that in positive case.
2. Culman's graphical method is simplified version of the more general trial wedge method.
3. For a masonry gravity retaining wall coulomb's theory of earth pressure is preferred for designing.

Which of these statements is/are correct?

1. 1, 2 and 3
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 2 and 3 only
4. 3 only

Q. Directions: The following items consists of two statements; one labelled as 'Assertion (A)' and the other as 'Reason (R)'. You are to examine these two statements carefully and select the answers to these items using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): Basement walls and bridge abutments are usually designed for earth pressure at rest.
Reason (R): These are usually not restrained by the floor slab and by the deck structure at their bases.
Codes:

1. both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
3. A is true but R is false
4. A is false but R is true

Q. If ${\sigma }_h,{\sigma }_v,{\sigma }_h^{\prime }and{\sigma }_v^{\prime }$ represent the total horizontal stress, total vertical stress, effective horizontal stress and effective vertical stress on a soil element, respectively. The coefficient of earth pressure at rest is given by

1. $\frac{{\sigma }_h}{{\sigma }_v}$
2. $\frac{{\sigma }_h^{\prime }}{{\sigma }_v^{\prime }}$
3. $\frac{{\sigma }_v}{{\sigma }_h}$
4. $\frac{{\sigma }_v^{\prime }}{{\sigma }_h^{\prime }}$

Q. Directions: The following items consists of two statements; one labelled as 'Assertion (A)' and the other as 'Reason (R)'. You are to examine these two statements carefully and select the answers to these items using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): The state of earth pressure at rest is the state of equilibrium with zero strain condition.
Reason (R): In rest condition neither the wall nor the soil moves.
Codes:

1. both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
3. A is true but R is false
4. A is false but R is true

Q. Assertion (A): The safe height $\left(2z_0\right)$ to which an unsupported vertical cut in clay be made is $4c/\gamma .$
Reason (R): Active earth pressure of cohesive backfill shows that the negative pressure (tension) is developed at top level. This tension decrease to zero at depth $z_0$ and total net pressure up to a depth $2z_0$ is zero.

1. both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
3. A is true but R is false
4. A is false but R is true

Q. Consider the following statements:

1. The required yield of a retaining wall to reach equilibrium in the active case in less than for the passive case.
2. The active pressure caused by a cohensionless backfill on a smooth vertical retaining wall may be reduced by compacting the backfill.
3. Given a choice, one should prefer a cohesive soil for a backfill vis-a-vis a non-cohesive soil.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. 1, 2 and 3
2. 1 and 2 only
3. 1 and 3 only
4. 2 and 3 only