Physiology of Respiration

Q. Assertion (A): The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than in terrestrial organisms.
Reason (R): The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is much lower than the amount of oxygen in air.
Which of the following is correct?

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.

[1 Mark]

Q.

What are the functions of labeled parts [1 and 2] in the diagram?

1. 1- filtering of air, 2- maintaining shape of lungs

2. 1- Exchange of gases 2- assists in inhalation and exhalation

3. 1- storing gases, 2- exchange of gases

4. 1- absorption of gases, 2- assists in cellular respiration

Q.

Match the following:

$$\begin{array}{cc}A& B\\ 1.Hairandmucusinnostrils& a.assistsininhalationandexhalation\\ 2.Cartilageintrachea& b.increasesurfaceareaofabsorption\\ 3.Alveoli& c.preventsentryofforeignbodies\\ 4.Diaphragm& d.preventscollapseoftrachealstructure\end{array}$$

1. 1- c, 2 –d, 3- a , 4- b

2. 1- d, 2 –c , 3- b , 4- a

3. 1- b, 2 –d , 3- c , 4- a

4. 1- c, 2 –d , 3- b , 4- a

Q.

What happens during gaseous exchange in the lungs?

1. Oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of it.

2. Carbon dioxide diffuses into blood and oxygen diffuses into blood.

3. Oxygen only diffuses

4. None of the above

Q. Which of these things happen when we inhale air?

1. The rib cage contracts
2. The diaphragm becomes flattened
3. The pressure of air inside the lungs is lowered
4. Air moves from higher pressure to lower pressure

Q. ________ is a muscular partition that helps in breathing by contracting and flattening, thereby increasing the volume of thoracic cavity.

Q. Teacher said “The air is purified at the alveoli”. Shishir was curious and asked how it happens. The teacher went on and explained how capillaries are intertwined with the alveoli and at the boundaries, diffusion occurs and air is purified. If it is true, what causes this diffusion? Select the best option.

1. High concentrations of $C{O}_2$ in the alveoli and and that of oxygen in the blood.
2. High concentration of $C{O}_2$ in the alveoli.
3. High concentrations of oxygen in the alveoli and that of $C{O}_2$ in the blood.
4. Low concentration of $C{O}_2$ in the alveoli.

Q.

Lungs lie in the thoracic cavity separated by __ from the abdominal cavity.

Q.

The ability of diaphragm in breathing can be attributed to its …………………..

1. Muscular nature

2. Skeletal nature

3. Sensitivity to respiratory gases

4. Fluid nature

Q.

Breathing is controlled by a centre in the

1. Lungs

2. Heart

3. Cerebellum

4. Medulla oblongata