Rutherford's Experiment and Observations

Q.

What is a Gold foil experiment?

Q.

What are the characteristic features of Rutherford model of an atom ? What is the limitation of this model ?

Q.

Enlist the conclusions drawn by Rutherford from his α-ray scattering experiment.

Q.

Radius of nucleus is of the order of .............. m.

__

Q.

Size of the nucleus is:

1. 10 cm

2. 2 m

3. 1.75 m

4. 1.75 cm

Q.

A particle of mass $m$ moves in circular orbits with potential energy $V\left(r\right)=Fr$, where $F$ is a positive constant and $r$ is its distance from the origin. Its energies are calculated using the Bohr model. If the radius of the particle’s orbit is denoted by $R$ and its speed and energy are denoted by $v$ and $E$, respectively, then for the $n^{th}$orbit (here $h$ is the Planck’s constant)

1. $R\alpha 1^{\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$3$}\right.}andv\alpha n^{\raisebox{1ex}{$2$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$3$}\right.}$

2. $R\alpha n^{\raisebox{1ex}{$2$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$3$}\right.}andv\alpha n^{\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$3$}\right.}$

3. $E=\frac{3}{2}{\left(\frac{n^2{h}^2{F}^2}{4{\mathrm{\pi }}^2\mathrm{m}}\right)}^{\raisebox{1ex}{$3$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$2$}\right.}$

4. $E=2{\left(\frac{n^2{h}^2{F}^2}{4{\mathrm{\pi }}^2\mathrm{m}}\right)}^{\raisebox{1ex}{$3$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$2$}\right.}$

Q. Question 4
What do you think would be the observation if $\alpha$ -particle scattering experiment is carried out using a foil of a metal other than gold?

Q. Question 5
Which of the following statements about Rutherford's model of atom are correct?
(i) Considered the nucleus as positively charged.
(ii) Established that the a-particles are four times as heavy as a hydrogen atom.
(iii) Can be compared to solar system.
(iv) Was in agreement with Thomson's model.

(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) only (i)

Q. Rutherford’s alpha-particle scattering experiment led to the conclusion that

1. 
   the mass and energy are related
2. 
   the mass and positive charge of an atom are concentrated in the nucleus
3. 
   neutrons are present in the nucleus
4. 
   atoms are electrically neutral

Q.

How was it shown that an atom has empty space?

Q.

How does Rutherfords model link to Thomson and Bohrs model of an atom?

Q.

The centre of the atom is called _____.

Q.

Question 2
Rutherfords alpha(a) particles scattering experiment resulted in the discovery of
(a) Electron
(b) Proton
(c) Nucleus in the atom
(d) Atomic mass

Q.

Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment led to the discovery of:

1. Nucleus

2. Protons

3. Neutrons

4. Electrons

Q.

One of the conclusions of Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment is that-

1. the atomic mass is spread over the whole atom.

2. the center of the atom is empty.

3. most part of the atom is empty.

4. the center of atom is negatively charge.

Q.

Which part of an atom was discovered by Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment?

Q.

The graph which depicts the result of Rutherfords gold foil experiment with $\alpha -$particle is

$\theta$: Scattering angle

$Y$: Number of scattered $\alpha -$ particles detected

(Plots are schematic and not to scale)

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

Q.

Why was a spherical sulphide screen used in $\alpha$-ray scattering experiment?

Q.

Gamma rays are _______.

Q.

What important information is furnished about the nucleus of an atom by the alpha particle scattered experiment of Rutherford?

Q.

Name the particles used by Rutherford in his experiment on the discovery of nucleus. Also state the charge on these particles.

Q.

Assertion: Aluminium foil cannot be used in $\alpha$ - particle scattering experiment
Reason: Aluminium is a highly malleable metal.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion

3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect

4. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct

Q. Question 34
Fill in the blanks in the following statements.
(a) Rutherford's alpha-particle scattering experiment lead to the discovery of the ___
(b) Isotopes have the same ___ but different ___
(c) Neon and chlorine have atomic numbers 10 and 17 Their valencies
will be ___ and ___ respectively.
(d) The electronic configuration of silicon is ___ and that of sulphur is ___

Q.

The core of an atom is called its centre.

1. True
2. False

Q.

The force of attraction between an electron revolving around the nucleus is ___________ force.

1. a magnetic

2. an electrostatic

3. a gravitational

4. a mechanical

Q.

Name the scientist and his experiment to prove that nucleus of an atom is positively charged.

Q.

In Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment, when fast moving alpha particles were made to fall on a thin gold foil then most of the alpha particles passed straight through the foil. Which of the given conclusion is correct?

1. Positive charge of the atom is concentrated in the centre of the atom.

2. Positive charge and mass of the atom is distributed throughout the atom.

3. Most of the space is occupied.

4. Most of the space inside the atom is empty.

Q.

The ____ of an atom is dense, small in size, and positively charged.

Q.

According to Rutherford, the atom consists of the following two parts ________ and ________.

Q.

Rutherford Alpha ($\mathrm{\alpha }$) particles scattering experiment resulted in the discovery of

1. electron

2. proton

3. the nucleus in the atom

4. atomic mass