Anatomy of the Kidney

Q.

Differentiate between ureter and urethra. [2 MARKS]

Q.

The area where the renal artery enters the kidney and the renal vein and the ureters exit the kidney is called ______________

1. Hilum

2. Pyramids

3. Papilla

4. Pelvis

Q.

Label the following parts of the urinary system:

1. 1 - Kidney, 2 - Ureter, 3 - Urinary bladder, 4 - Urethra

2. 1 - Kidney, 2 - Ureter, 3 - Urethra, 4 - Urinary bladder

3. 1 - Kidney, 2 - Urinary bladder, 3 - Ureter, 4 - Urethra

4. 1 - Kidney, 2 - Urethra, 3 - Urinary Bladder, 4 - Ureter

Q.

The renal pyramids are located within the __________

1. Cortex

2. Hilum

3. Pelvis

4. Medulla

Q. Renal pyramids are separated by the

1. Renal cortex
2. Renal medulla
3. Renal columns
4. Renal pelvis

Q.

Which part of the kidney contains the nephrons

1. Pelvis

2. Medulla

3. Cortex

4. Ureters

Q.

The apex of each pyramid (papilla) projects into the _________ of the kidney

1. Hilum

2. Pelvis

3. Medulla

4. Cortex

Q.

The broad part of ureter in the mammalian kidney is ________ .

1. Hilum

2. Pelvis

3. Calyx

4. Pyramid

Q. explain the working of heart in a fish

Q. The right kidney is placed lower than the left kidney due to the presence of ____.

1. lungs
2. stomach
3. liver
4. heart

Q. The diagram given below shows a section of a human kidney. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.

(iv) Mention the structural and functional units of kidneys.

Q.

The layer of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds each kidney is

1. Renal sinus

2. Renal pelvis

3. Renal capsule

4. Perirenal fat

Q.

what is the difference between renal cortex and renal medulla?

Q.

Which blood vessel in mammals normally carries maximum amount of urea?

1. Renal artery

2. Hepatic vein

3. Hepatic portal vein

4. Renal vein

Q. Choose the correct option.

Statement 1: Kidneys comprise of an outer light medulla and an inner dark cortex.

Statement 2: The medulla is composed of conical pyramids and the apex of each pyramid is called papilla.

1. Only statement 1 is correct
2. Only statement 2 is correct
3. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect
4. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct

Q. Vasa rectae are pertubular capillaries around

1. DCT
2. PCT
3. Loop of Henle
4. All of the above
   

Q. Solve the puzzle.

Across:

1. In leech, excretion takes place by segmentally arranged paired tubules called _________.

2. Leech has anterior and posterior ________.

Down:

3. In rabbit, _________ arch supplies
oxygenated blood to all part of the body.

4. _________ separates the nitrogenous
wastes from blood.

Q. Narrow apex of pyramid in kidney is called
(a) pelvis
(b) calyx
(c) column of Bertini
(d) duct of Bellini

Q.

Which of the following is the correct labelling of parts of the kidney?

1. 1-Medullary papilla, 2-Pyramids, 3-Minor calyx, 4-Major calyx, 5-Cortex

2. 1-Pyramids, 2-Medullary papilla, 3-Major calyx, 4-Minor calyx, 5-Cortex

3. 1-Pyramids, 2-Medullary papilla, 3-Major calyx, 4-Minor calyx, 5-Cortex

4. 1-Cortex, 2-Pyramids, 3-Minor calyx, 4-Major calyx, 5-Cortex

Q. Identify the renal pyramids in the given figure.

1. 
2. 
3. 

Q.

The hepatic portal system starts from

1. Digestive system to the liver

2. Kidney to liver

3. Liver to heart

4. Liver to kidney

Q. Q1 :- Describe the process of formation of urine in human beings?

Q. Renal pyramids are separated by the

1. Renal medulla
2. Renal cortex
3. Renal columns
4. Renal pelvis

Q. Label the following nephrons with respect to their placement in the kidney.

1. Juxtaglomerular cells to remove renin
2. Adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
3. Adrenal medulla to release adrenaline
4. Posterior pituitary to release vasopressin

Q.

State the function of ejaculatory ducts.

Q. Renal portal system of frog is significant in

1. Supplying extra blood to kidneys
2. Drawing blood from kidneys
3. Quick short circuit for elimination of nitrogenous wastes
4. Quick short circuit for elimination of fats

Q.

Which of the following is the correct labelling ?

1. 1 - Pyramids, 2 - Medullary papilla, 3 - Major calyx, 4 - Minor calyx, 5 - Cortex

2. 1 - Medullary papilla, 2 - Pyramids, 3 - Minor calyx, 4 - Major calyx, 5 - Cortex

3. 1 - Pyramids, 2 - Medullary papilla, 3 - Major calyx, 4 - Minor calyx, 5 - Cortex

4. 1 - Cortex, 2 - Pyramids, 3 - Minor calyx, 4 - Major calyx, 5 - Cortex

Q.

Which of the following options gives the correct order of the 4 layers surrounding the kidney?

1. Gerota's fascia, Renal capsule, Paranephric fat, Perinephric fat

2. Renal capsule, Gerota's fascia, Paranephric fat, Perinephric fat

3. Paranephric fat, Gerota's fascia, Perinephric fat, Renal capsule.

4. Perinephric fat, Paranephric fat, Gerota's fascia, Renal capsule

Q. Given alongside is a highly simplified (but also somewhat wrong) diagram of the human kidney cut open longitudinally. Answer the questions that follow.
Why does the cortex of the kidney show a dotted appearance?