Organization of Nervous System
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What is the weight of human brain in Kg?
What is the difference between central nervous system and peripheral nervous system?
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What are the functions of the different parts of the brain?
Depolarization of axolemma during nerve conduction takes place because _____.
Equal amount of Na+ and K+ move across the axolemma
Na+ ions move inside
More Na+ ions outside
More K+ ions outside
The diffusion of potassium ions out of a neuron after depolarisation causes _____.
Repolarization
Action potential
Nerve impulse
Depolarization
- central
- external
- internal
- peripheral
The term Central Nervous System refers to _____.
Brain and Spinal cord
Brain and Cranial nerves, Spinal cord and Spinal nerves
Spinal cord and Spinal nerves
Brain and Cranial nerves
An action potential is _____.
Outflux of negative ions to depolarize the membrane
Initiated by potassium ion movements
Outflux of positive ions to depolarize the membrane
Essential for nerve impulse propagation
Match the following stages of action potential to its corresponding state of ion movement
I. Depolarization stage(p.) K+ ions move outside the cellII. Repolarization stage(q.) Na+ ions move inside the cellIII. Hyperpolarization stage(r) No net ion movementIV. Resting stage(s) K+ ions move into the cellV. Threshold potential(t) Ligand gated sodium channels openVI. Stimulus reaches the neuron(u) Voltage gated sodium channels open
I. - (q), II. - (p), III. - (s), IV. - (r), V. - (u), VI. - (t)
I. - (p), II. - (u), III. - (q), IV. - (r), V. - (s), VI. - (t)
I. - (p), II. - (s), III. - (r), IV. - (u), V. - (t), VI. - (q)
I. - (s), II. - (p), III. - (p), IV. - (t), V. - (u), VI. - (r)
Voltage gated Na+ channels open
Membrane potential is near -55mV
All of the above
An action potential is sure to fire
An action potential is sure to fire, once_________ channels are open.
Volatge gated Na+
Voltage gated K+
K+ leak channels
Ligand gated Na+
The ___________ recieves, processes, interprets and stores information coming from senses and sends out the messages destined for the effector. The __________ handles its input and output.
sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
peripheral nervous system and CNS
CNS and various body organs
CNS and peripheral nervous system
The nervous system which is entirely motor and operates without conscious control is autonomic nervous system.
Central nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Leakage channels are regulated by _________.
Voltage
Nothing
Heat
Chemicals
The potential difference between outside and inside of a nerve before excitation is known as
spike potential
action potential
resting potential
reaction potential
Number of spinal nerves in human is
31 pairs
32 pairs
33 pairs
36 pairs
On a resting nerve, what is true?
3 Na+ are pumped in and 2 K+ pumped out
There is no Na – K pump
Na – K pump stops working
3 Na+ are pumped out for every 2 K+ pumped in
- (i) electrochemical gradient, (ii) high, (iii) opposite, (iv) low, (v) similar
- (i) concentration gradient, (ii) high, (iii) opposite, (iv) low, (v) similar
- (i) concentration gradient, (ii) high, (iii) similar, (iv) low, (v) opposite
- (i) electrochemical gradient, (ii) high, (iii) similar, (iv) low, (v) opposite
In the resting state of the neural membrane, diffusion due to concentration gradients, if allowed would drive _____.
K+ into the cell
Na+ out of the cell.
Na+ into the cell
K+ and Na+ out of the cell
(i) Polarized (ii) -55mV
(i) Electrochemically neutral (ii) 0 mV
(i) Hyperpolarized (ii) -100mV
(i) Polarized (ii) -70mV
- (i) electrochemical gradient, (ii) high, (iii) opposite, (iv) low, (v) similar
- (i) concentration gradient, (ii) high, (iii) opposite, (iv) low, (v) similar
- (i) concentration gradient, (ii) high, (iii) similar, (iv) low, (v) opposite
- (i) electrochemical gradient, (ii) high, (iii) similar, (iv) low, (v) opposite
The term Central Nervous System refers to:
Spinal cord and Spinal nerves
Brain and Cranial nerves
Brain and Spinal cord
Brain and Cranial nerves, Spinal cord and Spinal nerves
Give the technical/biological term for the following:
The part of the brain associated with memory.
When the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated:
Heart beat decreases
Heart beat increases
Heart beat is not affected
Heart beat begins
Regarding the Assertion and Reason, choose the correct option:
Assertion [A] : Sympathetic and Parasympathetic systems have opposing functions.
Reason [R] : The sympathetic nervous system ‘prepares you’ for action, while the parasympathetic system ‘calms you’ down after action.
Assertion [A] is True and Reason [R] is True and is a correct explanation to [A].
Assertion [A] is True and Reason [R] is True but is incorrect explanation to [A].
Assertion [A] is True and Reason [R] is False.
Reason [R] is True and Assertion [A] is False.
Ions diffuse freely along their (i)_____, from the region of (ii)_____ concentration and (iii)_____ charge to the region of (iv)_____ concentration and (v)_____ charge.
(i) electrochemical gradient, (ii) high, (iii) opposite, (iv) low, (v) similar
(i) concentration gradient, (ii) high, (iii) similar, (iv) low, (v) opposite
(i) electrochemical gradient, (ii) high, (iii) similar, (iv) low, (v) opposite
(i) concentration gradient, (ii) high, (iii) opposite, (iv) low, (v) similar
I. Depolarization stage (p). (K+) ions move outside the cell
II. Repolarization stage (q). (Na+) ions move inside the cell
III. Hyperpolarization stage (r). No net ion movement
IV. Resting stage (s). (K+) ions move into the cell
V. Threshold potential (t). Ligand gated sodium channels open
VI. Stimulus reaches the neuron (u). Voltage gated sodium channels open
- I. (p), II. (u), III. (q), IV. (r), V. (s), VI. (t)
- I. (q), II. (p), III. (s), IV. (r), V. (u), VI. (t)
- I. (s), II. (p), III. (p), IV. (t), V. (u), VI. (r)
- I. (p), II. (s), III. (r), IV. (u), V. (t), VI. (q)
An action potential is sure to fire, once
Voltage gated K+
K+ leak channels
Voltage gated Na+
Ligand gated Na+