Process of Urine Formation

Q. Choose the correct order of the mechanism of urine formation.

1. Tubular reabsorption $\to$ Glomerular filtration $\to$ Concentration of urine $\to$ Tubular secretion.
2. Concentration of urine $\to$ Glomerular filtration $\to$ Tubular reabsorption $\to$ Tubular secretion.
3. Glomerular filtration $\to$ Tubular reabsorption $\to$ Tubular secretion $\to$ Concentration of urine.
4. Tubular reabsorption $\to$ Tubular secretion $\to$ Glomerular filtration $\to$ Concentration of urine.

Q. Rearrange the following parts of a nephron based on the flow of fluid inside them.
1. Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
2. Bowman's capsule
3. Loop of Henle
4. Collecting duct
5. Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

1. 5, 3, 1, 2, 4
2. 2, 1, 5, 3, 4
3. 3, 5, 1, 2, 4
4. 2, 5, 3, 1, 4

Q. In loop of Henle, water is reabsorbed by the process of osmosis.

1. True
2. False

Q. The reabsorption of water and salts like sodium and calcium is maximum in ______.

1. loop of Henle
2. collecting tubule
3. distal convoluted tubule
4. proximal convoluted tubule

Q. Identify A, B and C and match it to their functions listed below.
1- Concentration of urine
2- Pressure filtration
3- Reabsorption of vitamin

1. A- Proximal convoluted tubule: 1
   B- Loop of Henle: 2
   C- Bowman's capsule: 3
2. A- Bowman's capsule: 1
   B- Proximal convoluted tubule: 3
   C- Loop of Henle: 2
3. A- Proximal convoluted tubule: 1
   B- Bowman's capsule: 3
   C- Loop of Henle: 2
4. A- Bowman's capsule: 2
   B- Proximal convoluted tubule: 3
   C- Loop of Henle: 1

Q.

___________ is also called the uriniferous tubule.

Q. Filtrate in Bowman's capsule first enters the __________.

1. distal convoluted tubule
2. proximal convoluted tubule
3. loop of Henle
4. collecting duct

Q. Match the functions given in column A with their respective structures of excretory system in coloumn B.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Column A}& \text{Column B}\\ \left(a\right)\text{Ultrafiltration}& \left(i\right)\text{Loop of Henle}\\ \left(b\right)\text{Reabsorption of substances}& \left(ii\right)\text{Ureter}\\ \left(c\right)\text{Transport of urine}& \left(iii\right)\text{Urinary bladder}\\ \left(d\right)\text{Storage of urine}& \left(iv\right)\text{Malpighian capsule}\end{array}$

1. a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
2. a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i
3. a-ii, b-iv, c-i, d-iii
4. a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

Q. During urine formation, reabsorption mainly takes place in the _________ of nephron.

1. Bowman's capsule
2. tubular part
3. collecting duct
4. glomerulus

Q. When the blood urea and blood creatinine level are significantly high then the treatment of choice is

1. Given suitable antibiotics
2. Haemodialysis
3. Kidney transplantation
4. Steroids therapy

Q. List two major steps involved in the formation of urine and State in brief their functions

Q.

Consider the different parts of the nephron mentioned below:

1) Urine collecting duct

2) PCT

3) DCT

4) Loop of Henle

5) Bowman's capsule

Which of the following depicts the correct order in which these are organised

1. 5, 2, 4, 3, 1

2. 5, 3, 2, 4, 1

3. 1, 5, 2, 4, 3

4. 1, 5, 2, 3, 4

Q. Sort the following according to the order in which the urine passes in these structures.

1. PCT
2. Henle's Loop
3. DCT
4. Collecting Duct

Q. A patient in a hospital is undergoing a treatment for some disorder. A machine hemodialyzer is being used to treat the patient. There is an inlet through which blood from patient's body is entering the machine and an outlet tube from the machine is entering the patient body. The organ likely to be affected in the patient body. The organ likely to be affected in the patient and the blood in inlet and outlet tube respectively will be

1. Lungs, oxygen poor, oxygen rich
2. Lungs, oxygen rich, oxygen poor
3. Kidney, urea poor, urea rich
4. Kidney, urea rich, urea poor

Q. All glucose and amino acids are excreted out by the kidneys.

1. True
2. False

Q. Match the functions given in column A with their respective structures of excretory system in coloumn B.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Column A}& \text{Column B}\\ \left(a\right)\text{Ultrafiltration}& \left(i\right)\text{Loop of Henle}\\ \left(b\right)\text{Reabsorption of substances}& \left(ii\right)\text{Ureter}\\ \left(c\right)\text{Transport of urine}& \left(iii\right)\text{Urinary bladder}\\ \left(d\right)\text{Storage of urine}& \left(iv\right)\text{Malpighian capsule}\end{array}$

1. a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii
2. a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i
3. a-ii, b-iv, c-i, d-iii
4. a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

Q. Human urine as compared to human blood is normally

1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Isotonic
4. All of the above

Q. Kidneys are not only organs of excretion. Their work is supplemented by

1. Liver
2. Skin
3. Heart
4. Large intestine

Q. Identify A, B and C and match it to their functions listed below.
1- Concentration of urine
2- Pressure filtration
3- Reabsorption of vitamin

1. A- Proximal convoluted tubule: 1
   B- Loop of Henle: 2
   C- Bowman's capsule: 3
2. A- Bowman's capsule: 2
   B- Proximal convoluted tubule: 3
   C- Loop of Henle: 1
3. A- Bowman's capsule: 1
   B- Proximal convoluted tubule: 3
   C- Loop of Henle: 2
4. A- Proximal convoluted tubule: 1
   B- Bowman's capsule: 3
   C- Loop of Henle: 2

Q.

Rearrange the following parts of a nephron in the order in which fluid flows through the nephron.

• Distal tubule
• Bowmans capsule
• Loop of Henle
• Collecting duct
• Proximal tubule

1. $\mathrm{Bowman}s\mathrm{capsule}\to \mathrm{Proximal}\mathrm{tubule}\to \mathrm{Loop}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{Henle}\to \mathrm{Distal}\mathrm{tubule}\to \mathrm{Collecting}\mathrm{duct}$

2. $\mathrm{Proximal}\mathrm{tubule}\to \mathrm{Loop}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{Henle}\to \mathrm{Distal}\mathrm{tubule}\to \mathrm{Bowman}s\mathrm{capsule}\to \mathrm{Collecting}\mathrm{duct}$

3. $\mathrm{Loop}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{Henle}\to \mathrm{Proximal}\mathrm{tubule}\to \mathrm{Distal}\mathrm{tubule}\to \mathrm{Bowman}s\mathrm{capsule}\to \mathrm{Collecting}\mathrm{duct}$

4. $\mathrm{Bowman}s\mathrm{capsule}\to \mathrm{Distal}\mathrm{tubule}\to \mathrm{Proximal}\mathrm{tubule}\to \mathrm{Loop}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{Henle}\to \mathrm{Collecting}\mathrm{duct}$

Q.

The renal corpuscle is composed of the glomerulus and _______ .

1. Bowman's capsule

2. loop of Henle

3. distal convoluted tubule

4. proximal convoluted tubule

Q. Which of the following processes takes place in the figure given below?

1. Filtration of blood​
2. Storage of urine​
3. Conduction of urine​
4. Selective reabsorption​