Fractional Distillation and Petrochemicals

Q.

Which of the following method is used to separate different components of petroleum?

1. Destructive distillation

2. Fractional distillation

3. Simple distillation

4. Vacuum distillation

Q.

Write applications of fractional distillation.

Q.

The various components of crude oil are separated by the process of _______

Q.

Which type of coal is the best quality of coal?

Q.

Which method do we employ to separate different fractions in the petroleum industry?

Q.

How is coal formed?

Q. Question 5 (e)
State whether True or False.
Kerosene is not a fossil fuel.

Q.

Explain the process of carbonisation and how coal is formed? [5 MARKS]

Q.

Coal is the transformed remnants of plant material subjected to high temperature and pressure.

1. True
2. False

Q. Question 3
Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called?

Q. The image shows a lamp named after the fuel used in it. The fuel is a petrochemical containing 10-16 carbon atoms. Identify the fuel.

1. Petrol
2. Diesel
3. Kerosene
4. Petroleum

Q. Crystalline silicon is obtained by oxidising silica with coke.

1. False
2. True

Q.

Explain the formation of coal. Describe the stages in its formation and mention its uses.

Q. Petrochemicals are used in the manufacturing of :

1. Detergents
2. Polythene
3. Fibres
4. All of these

Q.

Answer the following question:

Define destructive distillation.

Q.

what is difference between disstilation and fractional distillation?

Q. The petrochemical that is widely used in the manufacture of cosmetics is

1. Petrol
2. Petroleum jelly
3. Kerosene
4. Diesel

Q. Kerosene is not a fossil fuel.

1. True
2. False

Q.

Match the following petroleum by-products and the number of carbon atoms present in them.

$$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Petroleum product}& \text{Number of carbon atoms present}\\ \text{Uncondensed gases}& 1\text{to}4\\ \text{Diesel}& 5\text{to}9\\ \text{Paraffin wax}& 10\text{to}16\\ \text{Petrol}& 16\text{to}18\\ \text{Kerosene}& 22\text{to}30\end{array}$$

1. a$\Rightarrow$ii, b$\to$v, c$\to$iv, d$\to$i, e$\to$ii

2. a$\Rightarrow$i, b$\to$iv, c$\to$v, d$\to$ii, e$\to$iii

3. a$\Rightarrow$ii, b$\to$v, c$\to$i, d$\to$iii, e$\to$iv

4. a$\Rightarrow$iii, b$\to$i, c$\to$iii, d$\to$ii, e$\to$iv

Q.

How was coal formed? grade the varieties of coal in order of carbonisation.

Q. How was coal formed?

Q. LPG burns more cleanly than higher molecular weight hydrocarbon :

1. because it releases volatile pollutants
2. because it releases pollutants which are toxic
3. because it releases less pollutants
4. because it releases more pollutants

Q. From the given options, identify the poisonous gas which is formed upon incomplete combustion of fuels.

1. Carbon monoxide ($\text{CO}$)
2. Carbon dioxide (${\text{CO}}_2$)
3. Nitrogen dioxide (${\text{NO}}_2$)
4. Carbon Trioxide (${\text{CO}}_3$)

Q.

The by-products of coal are obtained when coal is:

1. heated in absence of air.
2. heated in presence of air.
3. cooled in presence of air.
4. cooled in absence of air.

Q.

The softest and hardest coal among the following are _________ and ___________ respectively.

1. lignite and anthracite
2. anthracite and bituminous
3. sub-bituminous and Lignite
4. anthracite and lignite

Q. The increasing order of hardness of various kinds of coal is:

1. Lignite < Sub-bituminous < Bituminous < Anthracite
2. Anthracite < Bituminous < Sub-bituminous < Lignite
3. Bituminous < Sub-bituminous < Anthracite < Lignite
4. Sub-bituminous < Bituminous < Lignite < Anthracite

Q. Which of these is not a fossil fuel?
(a) CNG
(b) LPG
(c) petrol
(d) hydrogen

Q.

Define anthracite.

Q.

Pick the right combination of terms which has no fossil fuels.

1. Wind, ocean, and coal.

2. Kerosene, wind, and tide.

3. Wind, wood, and sun.

4. Petroleum, wood, and sun.

Q. Which of the following favors the formation of coal?

1. Physical alterations of peat
2. None of these
3. Chemical alterations of peat
4. Both physical and chemical alterations of peat