Properties of Alpha, Beta and Gamma Radiations

Q. Which of the following is the correct order of the penetrating power of alpha ($\alpha$), beta ($\beta$) and gamma rays ($\gamma$)?

1. $\alpha <\beta >\gamma$
2. $\alpha >\beta >\gamma$
3. $\alpha <\beta <\gamma$
4. $\alpha =\beta =\gamma$

Q.

An alpha particle is kept in an electric field of $15\times {10}^{4}N{C}^{-1}$. Calculate the force acting on the particle.

Q.

A proton and an electron are placed in an uniform electric field

1. The electric forces acting on them will be equal

2. The magnitudes of the electric forces acting on them will be equal

3. Their acceleration will be equal

4. The magnitudes of their acceleration will be equal

Q. Which rays deflect the most in electric or magnetic field?

1. Gamma
2. Beta
3. Alpha
4. X

Q. The radiation with the highest ionization power is:

1. Alpha
2. Beta
3. Gamma
4. X

Q.

Two points P and Q are maintained at potentials of of 10V and −4V respectively. The work done in moving 100 electrons from P to Q is equal to?

Q. ntthe activity of a sample of radioactive material is A1 , at time t1 , and A2 at time t2 (t2>t1).if its mean life T , thenn

Q.

When an alpha particle gains an electron it changes into

1. singly ionized argon atom

2. singly ionized Hydrogen atom

3. singly ionized helium atom (He⁺)

4. singly ionized Neon Atom

Q.

What are the characteristics of neutron?

Q.

Alpha and beta particles are deflected in an electric or a magnetic field but gamma rays are not deflected in such a field because

1. Alpha and beta particles are charged

2. Alpha and beta particles are charged but gamma radiations are uncharged

3. Alpha and beta particles are uncharged but gamma radiations are charged

4. Gamma radiations are charged

Q. ${10}^{12}\alpha$-particles (nuclei of helium) fall per second on a neutral sphere; calculate the time in which the sphere gets charged by $2\mu C$.

1. 10 s
2. 6.25 s
3. 5 s
4. 62.5 s

Q.

Give the mass of electron, proton and neutron in Kg and Coulombs, respectively.

Q.

Given below are two statements:

Statement 1: Two photons having equal linear momenta have equal wavelengths

Statement 2: If the wavelength of a photon is decreased, then the momentum and energy of a photon will also decrease.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

1. Statement 1 is false but statement 2 is true

2. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true

3. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are false

4. Statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false

Q.

Consider the following statements:

Statement 1: Radioactivity is affected by external agents like temperature, pressure, electric and magnetic fields etc.

Statement 2: The activity of the material has been shown to be the result of the three different kinds of radiations $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $\gamma$.

1. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true.

2. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are false.

3. Statement 1 is true; Statement 2 is false.

4. Statement 1 is false; Statement 2 is true.

Q.

A radioactive element ₈₈X²⁴⁰ emits a few radiations to become ₉₀Y²²⁰ . Calculate the number of alpha & beta particles emitted.

1. 4 alpha and 10 Beta

2. 4 alpha and 6 Beta

3. 2 alpha and 6 Beta

4. 2 alpha and 3 Beta

5. 4 alpha and 2 Beta

Q. rays from the radioactive isotope, cobalt - 60, are used in killing cancer cells.

1. Alpha
2. Beta
3. Gamma

Q.

Consider the following statements about electromagnetic radiations; All of them

$\left(i\right)$ have energy

$\left(ii\right)$ exert pressure on an object

$\left(iii\right)$ have the same momentum

Of these statements

1. $\left(i\right),\left(ii\right)$ and $\left(iii\right)$ are correct

2. $\left(i\right)$ and $\left(ii\right)$ are correct

3. $\left(ii\right)$ and $\left(iii\right)$ are correct

4. $\left(i\right)$ and $\left(iii\right)$ are correct

Q.

Radioactive _______ is used for determining the age of fossil fuels.

Q.

A stationary radioactive nucleus of mass 210units disintegrates into an $\alpha$- particle of mass 4units and a residual nucleus of mass 206units. If the kinetic energy of the $\alpha$- particle is E, then the kinetic energy of the residual nucleus is

1. $\left(\frac{2}{105}\right)E$

2. $\left(\frac{2}{103}\right)E$

3. $\left(\frac{103}{105}\right)E$

4. $\left(\frac{103}{2}\right)E$

Q. A radioactive nucleus decays from ${}_{92}{X}^{235}$ to ${}_{91}{Y}^{231}$. Which of the following particles are emitted

1. One alpha and one electron
2. Two deuterons and one positron
3. One proton and four neutrons
4. One alpha and one proton

Q.

What is radiation in simple words?

Q.

Compare the electrons and a proton in respect of mass and charge.

Q. Beta particles produce , when they hit solid metals having high melting point, like gold.

1. $\gamma$-rays
2. X-rays
3. cathode rays
4. $\alpha$-rays

Q.

Cathode ray can pass through thin metallic foils

1. True
2. False

Q.

William Crookes named the invisible rays emitted from cathode as ________.

Q. (a) What are Becquerel rays?
(b) Give four properties of Becquerel rays. [5 MARKS]

Q. Which of the following cannot be deflected by a magnetic field?
(A) Alpha rays (B) Beta rays
(C) Gamma rays (D) None of these

Q.

Name one medical technique which is based on magnetiism produced in the human body. For what purpose is this technique used ?

Q.

When a radioactive element emits an Alpha particle its atomic number remains unchanged.

1. True
2. False

Q.

Why are the alpha particles not used in radiotherapy?

1. Alpha particles cannot penetrate the bones

2. Alpha particles can penetrate the human skin

3. Alpha particles cannot penetrate the human skin

4. Alpha particles are not radio waves