Alveoli

Q.

What are the structure and function of alveoli?

Q.

Our lungs remove large amounts of CO₂, approximately:

1. 500 mL/minute

2. 200 mL/minute

3. 200 L/minute

4. None of the above

Q.

Name the primary site of exchange of gases in our body ?

Q. The figure given below shows a small part of the human lung where the exchange of gases takes place. In which one of the options given below, the one part A, B, C or D is correctly identified along with its function?

1. B : Red blood cell - transport of CO2 mainly
2. C : Arterial capillary - passes oxygen to tissues
3. A : alveolar cavity - main site of exchange of respiratory gases
4. D : Capillary wall - exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place here

Q.

Diffusion of gases occurs in the alveolar region only and not in the other parts of the respiratory system. Why?

Q.

The alveoli are lined by simple squamous epithelium which is coated with a thin film of lecithin, a phospholipid. What purpose does this serve?

1. Lecithin protects against infections

2. Lecithin increases the surface tension and prevents the alveoli from bursting

3. Lecithin reduces the friction between the millions of alveoli in the lungs

4. Lecithin lowers the surface tension and prevents the alveoli from collapsing

Q.

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelial tissue?

1. Transportation

2. Protection from abrasion

3. Protection from organisms

4. Separation

Q. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding partial pressure during normal inhalation?

1. In alveoli partial pressure of carbon dioxide is higher than oxygen
2. In alveoli partial pressure of carbon dioxide is equal to oxygen
3. Both (a) and (b)
4. In alveoli partial pressure of carbon dioxide is lower than oxygen

Q.

Through which process can neutral solutes move across the membrane?

Q. Which of the following is not part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

1. Oral cavity
2. Trachea
3. Bronchioles
4. Alveolar sacs

Q. The figure given below shows a small part of human lung where exchange of gases takes place. In which one of the options given below, the one part A, B, C or D is correctly identified along with its function?

1. B: Red blood cell - Transport of $C{O}_2$ mainly
2. C: Arterial capillary - Passes oxygen to tissues
3. A: Alveolar cavity - Main site of exchange of respiratory gases
4. D: Capillary wall - Exchange of $O_2$ takes place here only

Q.

A unique feature common to both the alveoli of lungs and the villi of the intestine, is that both

1. Have ciliated columnar epithelium

2. Are suited for diffusion of gases

3. Have a rich supply of blood vessels and lymph ducts.

4. Provide a large surface area

Q.

The respiratory membrane is a combination of ________.

1. Respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts

2. Alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basement membranes

3. Atria and alveolar sacs

4. Respiratory bronchioles and alveolar sacs

Q. Where does exchange of gases ($O_2$ and $C{O}_2$) take place in our lungs?

1. Alveoli
2. Bronchi
3. Pleura
4. Trachea

Q.

Can residual volume be greater than the tidal volume?

Q. The number of alveoli in humans

Q.

A unique feature common to the alveoli of lungs and the villi of the intestine is that both

1. Have ciliated columnar epithelium

2. Are suited for diffusion of gases

3. Provide a large surface area

4. Have a rich supply of blood vessels and lymph ducts.

Q. The diagram given below shows a small part of human lung where exchange of gases takes place. In which one of the options given below, the one part A, B, C or D is correctly identified along with its function.

1. C: Arterial capillary - passes oxygen to tissues

2. A: Alveolar cavity - main site of exchangeof respiratory gases
3. B: Red blood cells - transport of $C{O}_2$ mainly

4. D: Capillary wall - exchange of $H_{2}O$and $C{O}_2$ takes place here

Q. Leucocytes are colourless due to:

1. Lack of water
2. Lack of haemoglobin
3. Presence of extra water
4. Presence of haemoglobin

Q.

The knot of blood vessels inside the Bowmans capsule is called __________ (loop of Henle / glomerulus).

Q.

Which of the following is not a component of the human circulatory system?

1. Blood

2. Heart

3. Lung

4. Capillary

Q.

Blood clot formed in vessels blocking flow of blood is called

1. Pus

2. Ulcer

3. Thrombus

4. Bolus

Q. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding partial pressure during normal inhalation?

1. In alveoli partial pressure of carbon dioxide is higher than oxygen
2. In alveoli partial pressure of carbon dioxide is lower than oxygen
3. In alveoli partial pressure of carbon dioxide is equal to oxygen
4. Both (a) and (b)

Q. The transfer of gases between blood and alveoli occur through the process of ________.

1. osmosis
2. diffusion
3. active transport
4. none of the above

Q.

What are 2 examples of passive transport?

Q. We eat food, which is composed of all the nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. After digestion, these are absorbed in the form of glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol etc. What mechanisms are involved in absorption of digested food and water?

1. Diffusion and osmosis respectively
2. Osmosis and diffusion respectively
3. None of the above
4. Reverse osmosis and facilitated diffusion respectively

Q. Diffusion of gases occurs in the alveolar region only and not in the other part of respiratory system. Why?

Q. Number of alveoli in the two human lungs is?

1. $600-800$ million
2. $200-300$ million
3. $100,000-150,000$
4. $1-2$ million

Q. The transfer of gases between blood and alveoli occur through the process of ________.

1. osmosis
2. diffusion
3. active transport
4. none of the above

Q. FRC in lung capacities is-

1. IRV+TV
2. IRV+RV
3. ERV+RV
4. ERV-RV