Arithmetic Growth

Q.

Describe briefly:

(a) Arithmetic growth

(b) Geometric growth

(c) Sigmoid growth curve

(d) Absolute and relative growth rates

Q. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the type of growth represented by the diagram?

1. It is observed at initial stage of embryonic cell division
2. Growth rate is constant
3. It represents root growth at tip
4. Represented by expression $L_1=L_0{e}^r$${}^t$

1. 1 and 3
2. 2, 3 and 4
3. 1, 2 and 4
4. 2 and 3

Q. Number of mitotic divisions required to produce 100 cells by arithmetic growth from single cell is

1. 100

2. 101

3. 99

4. 200

Q. Apical dominance in higher plants is due to

1. hormones
2. enzymes
3. photoperiodism
4. requirement of light

Q. In __ growth, following mitotic cell division only one daughter cell continues to divide, while the other differentiates and matures.

Q. First recombinant DNA was constructed in the year

1. 1981
2. 1963
3. 1974
4. 1972

Q. The interphase is divided into three main phases. These phases are:

1. G${}_1$-phase, M-phase and G${}_2$-phase
2. M-phase, S-phase and divisional phase
3. Gap 1 phase, synthesis phase and gap 2 phase
4. M-phase G${}_2$-phase and divisional phase

Q. Identify the correct and incorrect statements from the following.

1. 17, 500 new cells are produced per hour by a single maize root apical meristem.
2. With the help of length, growth of pollen tube is measured.
3. The growth of the leaf is measured in term of volume.
4. Cells in a watermelon may increase in size by up to 3, 50, 000 times.

1. (1), (2), (3) are correct
2. (1), (2), (4) are correct
3. (2), (3) are correct
4. (1), (4) are correct

Q. Assertion :- During arithmetic growth there is growth at constant rate.
Reason :- During arithmetic growth, after mitosis, both the daughter cells retain the capacity to divide continuously.

1. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
3. The assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Q. Root apex and shoot apex represent the

1. geometric growth
2. arithmetic growth
3. dedifferentiation
4. phenotype plasticity

Q. Two plant cells, A and B are dividing in arithmetic and geometric manner respectively. If they complete 10 divisions, the number of daughter cells produced from A and B, respectively is

1. 11 and 1024

2. 20 and 11

3. 11 and 1035

4. 20 and 20

Q. Arithmetic growth is exhibited by

1. Apical meristems

2. Vascular cambium

3. Cork cambium

4. All of these

Q. Identify the correct and incorrect statements from the following.
(i) 17, 500 new cells are produced per hour by a single maize root apical meristem.
(ii) With the help of scale, growth of pollen tube is measured.
(iii) The growth of the leaf is measured in terms of volume.
(iv) Cells in a watermelon may increase in size by upto 3, 50, 000 times.

1. (i), (iv) are correct and (ii), (iii) are incorrect.
2. (i), (ii), (iv) are correct and (iii) is incorrect.
3. (ii), (iii) are correct and (i), (iv) are incorrect.
4. (i), (ii), (iii) are correct and (iv) is incorrect.

Q. The number of chromosomes in the shoot tip cells of a maize plant is 20. The number of chromosomes in the microspore mother cells of the same plant shall be:

1. 40
2. 20
3. 10
4. 15

Q.

The root apical meristem consists of 1000 cells which undergo arithmetic growth. After 5 cell divisions, the number of dividing cells and maturing cells are _______ and _______ respectively.

1. 5000 and 6000

2. 5000 and 1000

3. 1000 and 5000

4. 6000 and 5000

Q. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the type of growth represented by the diagram?


1. It is observed at initial stage of embryonic cell division
2. Growth rate is constant
3. It represents root growth at tip
4. Represented by expression $L_1=L_0{e}^r$${}^t$

1. 1 and 3
2. 2, 3 and 4
3. 1, 2 and 4
4. 2 and 3

Q.

Germ cells of body has

1. same number of chromosomes

2. half number of chromosomes

3. no chromosomes

4. none of these.

Q. Read the following statements regarding arithmetic growth and select the correct answer.
(i) Rate of growth is constant.
(ii) One daughter cell remains meristematic while the other one differentiates and matures.
(iii) Mathematical expression is $L_t=L_0+rt$.

1. Statements (i) and (ii) are correct.
2. Statements (ii) and (iii) are correct.
3. Statements (i) and (ii) are correct
4. All statements are correct.

Q. Match the terms to these definitions.
Abscission, apical dominance, biological dock, circadian rhythm, vernalization, dormancy, ethylene, germination, gibberellin, geotropism, photoperiodism, senescence
.......... Plant hormone producing increased stem growth; also involved in flowering and seed germination.

Q. Root apex and shoot apex represent the

1. geometric growth
2. arithmetic growth
3. phenotype plasticity
4. dedifferentiation

Q.

The pollen tube of maize plant grows up to 6 cm from 2 cm within 2 hr duration. The rate of growth is _____cm/hr

1. 2

2. 10

3. 8

4. 4

Q. Two plant cells, A and B are dividing in arithmetic and geometric manner respectively. If they complete 10 divisions, the number of daughter cells produced from A and B, respectively is

1. 20 and 11
2. 11 and 1035
3. 20 and 20
4. 11 and 1024

Q. Photoperiodism affects

1. Vegetative growth
2. Internode elongation
3. Seed germination
4. Reproduction growth

Q. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the type of growth represented by the diagram?


1. It is observed at initial stage of embryonic cell division
2. Growth rate is constant
3. It represents root growth at tip
4. Represented by expression $L_1=L_0{e}^r$${}^t$

1. 1 and 3
2. 2, 3 and 4
3. 1, 2 and 4
4. 2 and 3

Q. Assertion: During arithmetic growth there is growth at constant rate.
Reason: During arithmetic growth, after mitosis, both the daughter cells retain the capacity to divide continuously.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. The assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Q. Assertion: During arithmetic growth there is growth at constant rate.
Reason: During arithmetic growth, after mitosis, both the daughter cells retain the capacity to divide continuously.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. The assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Q. The total number of cells present after 'N' divisions of 'C' number of dividing cells will be

1. CN
2. C (N+1)
3. C (N-1)
4. C+N

Q. Arithmetic growth is exhibited by

1. Apical meristems
2. Vascular cambium
3. Cork cambium
4. All of these

Q. Abscission plays an important role in

1. Sexual reproduction
2. Senescence
3. Vegetative propagation
4. All of the above

Q. The given figure shows development of an embryo that undergoes two phases A and B. Select the correct option regarding it.

1. A - Arithmetic phase, B - Geometric phase
2. A - Exponential phase, B - Stationary phase
3. A - Arithmetic phase, B - Exponential phase
4. A - Geometric phase, B - Arithmetic phase