Ecological Hierarchy

Q. Which one of the following has least similar characters among the individuals?

1. Family
2. Class
3. Genus
4. Species

Q. Ecology is mainly concerned with four levels of organization. What are they?

1. Biosphere, population, habitat, community
2. Population, habitat, organism community
3. Organism, population, community, biome
4. Habitat, population, biome, organism

Q.

Soil, air, and water are _______.

Q. Assertion: A biotic community has a higher position than population in ecological hierarchy
Reason: Population of similar individuals remains isolated in the community.

1. Assertion is true but reason is false
2. Assertion is false and reason is true
3. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
4. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion

Q.

The total of all the populations of plants and animals living in a habitat at a given time is called

1. Population

2. Community

3. Niche

4. Biome

Q. In an ecosystem, biotic factors affect the survival of an organism. They include

1. Predators
2. Parasites
3. Competitors
4. Microorganisms

Q. The organisms inhabiting a common environment belong to the same

1. genus
2. species
3. population
4. community

Q. Select the incorrect statement related to Archaeopteryx?

1. Beaks are the modified jaws
2. Presence of free caudal vertebrae
3. Fore limbs are modified into wings
4. Connecting links between birds and mammals

Q. The term 'biosphere' refers to

1. Atmosphere
2. Living community of whole ecosystem
3. Stratosphere
4. None of the above

Q.

A group of individuals of different species, inhabiting a given area is called:

1. Biome

2. Population

3. Ecosystem

4. Community

Q. Assertion: A biotic community has a higher position than population in ecological hierarchy
Reason: Population of similar individuals remains isolated in the community.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion
2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
3. Assertion is true but reason is false
4. Assertion is false and reason is true

Q. An association of individuals of different species living in the same habitat and having functional interactions is?

1. Population
2. Ecological niche
3. Biotic community
4. Ecosystem

Q. John, a budding archeologist, got an instruction from his boss to identify a fossil reported by a team at an excavation site, which is exactly like Archaeopteryx. He has a list of characters which can help in deciding whether the characters are of aves, reptiles or both. Select the option which shows the incorrect combination of characters.

1. Avian Character	Reptilian Character
   Body with feathers	Bones are not pneumatic

2. Avian Character	Reptilian Character
   Beaks are modified jaws	Toothed jaws

3. Avian Character	Reptilian Character
   Hind limbs are modified into wings	Presence of strong sternum bones

4. Avian Character	Reptilian Character
   Intimate fusion of skull bones	Presence of free caudal vertebrae

Q. Biotic factors are

1. Chemical factors of soil which affect life
2. Physical factors of soil which affect life
3. All living organisms which influence other living organisms
4. Factors of atmosphere which affect life

Q. Wings in Rhea is an example of

1. living fossil
2. organ for flying
3. atavism
4. vestigial organs

Q. List the various abiotic environmental factors.

Q. As we go from species to kingdom in a taxonomic hierarchy, the number of common characteristics:

1. Remain the same.
2. May increase or decrease.
3. Will decrease.
4. Will increase.

Q. Assertion :Biotic community has higher position than population in ecological hierarchy. Reason: Population of similar individuals remains isolated in the community.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Q. The major sub-divisions of biosphere are

1. Soil, water and hydrosphere
2. Soil, atmosphere and lithosphere
3. Atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere
4. Atmosphere, lithosphere and air

Q. Organisms spending most of the time in transitional area between the two communities are

1. Keystone species
2. Critical link species
3. Exotic species
4. Edge species

Q. A biosphere is composed of

1. Living organisms
2. Living organisms + lithosphere
3. Living organisms + lithosphere + atmosphere
4. Living organisms + lithosphere + atmosphere + hydrosphere

Q. Fill in the blanks
1. Basic component of any ecological system is the (i)___
2. Group of individuals of the same species, which can interbreed is a (ii)___
3. A group of interacting populations is called a (iii) ___
4. (iv)___ are ecological areas on the Earth's surface, with similar fauna and flora adapting to similar environment

1. (i) Organism
   (ii) Population
   (iii) Community
   (iv) Biomes
2. (i) Population
   (ii) biome
   (iii) organism
   (iv) community
3. (i) Community
   (ii) biome
   (iii) organism
   (iv) Population
4. (i) Biome
   (ii) Population
   (iii) organism
   (iv) community

Q. Very short answer type :
Name a fossil which represents a connecting link between birds and reptiles. Give two avian characters of this fossil.

Q. The highest/biggest part of the hierarchy in ecology is .

1. population
2. community
3. biome
4. biosphere

Q. Ecotone is

1. Development of ecotypes
2. Transitional area between two communities / ecosystem
3. Interaction between two populations
4. Development of ecads

Q. The habitable part of the earth is called

1. Soil
2. Lithosphere
3. Biosphere
4. Biome

Q. what happens to the number of individuals and number of shared characters as we go up the taxonomical hierarchy

Q. Biosphere is divided into following components

1. Biotic
2. Synthetic
3. Both
4. None

Q. The term biosphere is used for the zone of the Earth, where life exists

1. On the lithosphere
2. In the hydrosphere
3. In the lithosphere and hydrosphere
4. In the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere

Q.

A group of individuals of different species, inhabiting a given area is called:

1. Biome

2. Population

3. Ecosystem

4. Community