Function of the DCT

Q.

Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark the correct option in question.

Assertion: $PCT,DCT$ and collecting duct helps in the maintenance of $pH$ and ionic balance of blood by the selective secretion of $H^{+}$ and $K^{+}$ ions.

Reason: $PCT$ and $DCT$, both are capable of reabsorbing $HC{O}_3^{-}$ ion.

Q.

We can produce a concentrated/ dilute urine. This is facilitated by a special mechanism. identify the mechanism.
(a) Reabsorption from PCT
(b) Reabsorption from collecting duct
(c) Reabsorption/Secretion in DCT
(d) Counter current mechanism in Henle's loop vasa recta

Q. The distal convoluted tubule is permeable to water.

1. True
2. False

Q.

What is the role of aldosterone in distal parts of the tubule?

Q.

In urinary system, aldosterone takes part in

1. Calcium ions

2. Potassium ions

3. Sodium ions

4. Sulphate ions

Q. Which of the following results from the action of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the renal tubule?

1. Interaction with receptors on the luminal membrane of the proximal tubular cells
2. Stimulation of calcium ions reabsorption in the distal tubule
3. Stimulation of phosphate reabsorption in the proximal tubule
4. Decreased urinary excretion of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (CAMP)

Q. Match the following from column 1 and column 2.

Column 1 (Hormone)	Column 2 (Function)
P. Thymosins	1. Increases the heart rate
Q. Parathyroid hormone	2. Promotes the production of antibodies
R. Adrenaline	3. Increases absorption of calcium from digested food
S. Aldosterone	4. Stimulates the reabsorption of Na+ and water

1. P - 2, Q - 4, R - 3, S -1
2. P - 4, Q - 1, R - 2, S - 3
3. P - 1, Q - 3, R - 4, S - 2
4. P - 2, Q - 3, R -1, S - 4

Q. Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubule?

1. Increase in aldosterone levels
2. Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels
3. Decrease in aldosterone levels
4. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels

Q.

What increases lipolysis?

Q. The value of GFR in healthy individual is?

Q. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress related hormone and it also .............

1. Stimulated mitosis
2. Accelerates fruit ripening
3. Aids in fruit development
4. Mediates stomatal closure

Q. What is goitre?

Q. Which hormone is responsible for reabsorption of water in kidney?

1. ADH
2. STH
3. ACTH
4. GTH

Q. Assertion :In PCT, glomerular filtrate becomes hypertonic to blood plasma. Reason: $HC{O}_3$ is absorbed only in the proximal convoluted tubule.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Q. The distal convoluted tubule is permeable to water.

1. True
2. False

Q. A patient goes to the hospital for surgery to remove his thyroid gland. Which of the following conditions will the patient experience as a result of having his thyroid gland removed?

1. He will lose weight rapidly.
2. He will gain weight rapidly.
3. His blood sugar will be unregulated.
4. He will be unable to regulate calcium absorption in the bloodstream.
5. He will not produce hormones needed to regulate blood pressure properly.

Q. The hormone that promotes reabsorption of water from glomerular filtrate is

1. Relaxin
2. Oxytocin
3. Vasopressin
4. Calcitonin

Q. Diabetes insipidus is due to the

1. Failure of neurohypophysial system to inhibit the excess release of ADH
2. Failure of neurohypophysial system to produce or release ADH
3. Inability of pituitary to produce oxytocin
4. Inability of pituitary to release ACTH

Q. The kidney regulates acid-base balance by each of the following except.

1. Active reabsorption of $H^{+}$
2. Reabsorbing filtered bicarbonates
3. Acidifying the urine by $H^{+}$ secretion
4. Excreting ammonium salts
5. Both B and C

Q. Parathormone influences calcium absorption in the small intestine by regulating the metabolism of:

1. Vitamin B6
2. Vitamin D
3. Enterogastrone
4. Vitamin C

Q. Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation?

1. During summer when body loses of lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed
2. Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release
3. When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed
4. An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates formation of Angiotensin II.

Q. Hypothyroidism causes?

1. Myxodema
2. Cretinism
3. Both (a) and (b)
4. Exophthalmic goitre

Q. ADH causes which one of the following?

1. Increase in reabsorption of water
2. Decrease in reabsorption of water
3. Maintenance of equilibrium of Na and Ca ion balance
4. Maintenance of equilibrium of K ion and carbonate pump

Q. Which of the following damages WBC bone-marrow and lymph nodes?

1. Ca
2. Strontium
3. I${}^{131}$
4. Cesium

Q. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates:

1. regulates temperature
2. calcium balance between blood and tissues
3. glucose balance between blood and tissues
4. regulates sleep

Q. The local hormone secreted by Juxtaglomerular cells to cope up with the anaemia by

1. Synthesising more angiotensin
2. Synthesising more erythropoietin
3. None of the above
4. Synthesising more ANF

Q. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
The gland that prepares the body to react to stress by releasing epinephrine is the:

1. posterior pituitary
2. anterior pituitary
3. adrenal cortex
4. adrenal medulla

Q. Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubule?

1. Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels
2. Decrease in aldosterone levels
3. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels
4. Increase in aldosterone levels

Q. Which of the following results from the action of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the renal tubule?

1. Interaction with receptors on the luminal membrane of the proximal tubular cells
2. Stimulation of calcium ions reabsorption in the distal tubule
3. Stimulation of phosphate reabsorption in the proximal tubule
4. Decreased urinary excretion of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (CAMP)