Genetic Basis of Cancer

Q.

Which disease is caused by Mycoplasma?

Q.

Retroviruses are implicated as a cause of cancer in humans because they:

1. Carry genes for reverse transcriptase

2. Carry single-stranded RNA as their genetic material

3. May carry cellular protooncogenes in their genome

4. May carry cellular v-oncogenes in their genome

Q. Statement I : Proto oncogenes are present in normal cells.
Statement II : Proto oncogenes may cause malignant tumors in animals, if activated.

Which of the above statement(s) are correct?

1. Statement I only
2. Statement II only
   
3. Both Statement I and II
   
4. None of the above
   

Q. Cancerous cells continue to divide and give rise to a mass of cells. This is due to ____________.

1. movement of cancerous cells
2. the action of the visible spectrum on cells
   
3. the loss of the ability to stop dividing on contact with other cells
   
4. oncogenes present in human DNA
   

Q. Viral genomes also contain some cancer causing genes. What are these genes called?

1. Protooncogenes
2. Oncogenes
3. Cancer
4. Both A and B

Q. Why do RNA viruses mutate faster than DNA viruses?

Q.

Assertion (A): Cancer cells are virtually immortal until the body in which they reside dies.

Reason (R): Cancer is caused by damage to genes regulating the cell division cycle.

1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

2. Both A and R are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A

3. A is correct, but R is incorrect

4. Both A and R are incorrect

Q. Study the following statements (I - III) and select the correct option stating true (T) and false (F).

I. Proto oncogene is a normal cell growth regulator.
II. Oncogenic viruses transform cancerous cells to normal cells by binding with the host cell DNA.
III. Retrovirus incorporates genetic material from a host cell into its own genome upon infection, converting it into a viral oncogene.

1. I - T, II - T, III - F
2. I - F, II - F, III - T
3. I - T, II - F, III - T
4. I - F, II - T, III - F

Q.

Treponema pallidum causes the disease ___________.

Q.

Define the term myocarditis?

Q. Gene mutations cause uncontrolled cell growth leading to cancer.

1. True
2. False

Q. Define metastasis. Suggest three early diagnostic symptoms or danger signals of cancer.

Q. A Cancerous cell growing in a Culture plate is living or non living??

Q.

Cancer is proliferation of cells then why is it fatal?

Q. Viruses can undergo mutation. What does this signify?

Q. Gene mutations can cause uncontrolled cell growth leading to cancer.

1. True
2. False

Q. Mutated version of a proto-oncogene is called an oncogene.

1. True
2. False

Q. Susceptibility to familial cancers can be detected by certain techniques of :

1. Radiography
2. MRI
3. Molecular biology
4. Histopathological studies

Q. Proliferation of cancer cells is not limited because of:

1. Aberrant chromosomal complement
2. Both A and C
3. Differing surface proteins
4. Differing cholesterol level

Q. Mutated version of a proto-oncogene is called an oncogene.

1. True
2. False

Q. Answer in 40 to 80 words:
Mention any three characteristics of cancer cell.

Q. Which of the following act as a genetic material for Retrovirus?

1. Single stranded DNA
2. RNA
3. Double stranded duplex DNA
4. DNA-RNA hybrid

Q. Cancer is caused because of

1. Heavy accumulation of cells
2. Uncontrolled multiplication of cells
3. Controlled multiplication of cells
4. None of the above

Q. One of the following is incorrect about cancer cells.

1. They are metastatic.
2. They are produced when cellular oncogenes of normal cells activated.
3. They exhibit the property of contact inhibition.
4. They exhibit mass proliferation.

Q. Give reasons-

Q. Of the following, which sequence is present in Rous Sarcoma Virus?

1. DNA - DNA - proteins
2. DNA - RNA - proteins
3. RNA - DNA - proteins
4. RNA - DNA - RNA - proteins

Q. Genetic material of HIV is

1. ssDNA
2. ssRNA
3. dsRNA
4. dsDNA

Q. Viral genomes also contain some cancer causing genes. What are these genes called?

1. Cancer
2. Both A and B
3. Protooncogenes
4. Oncogenes

Q.

Retroviruses are implicated as a cause of cancer in humans because they:

1. Carry genes for reverse transcriptase

2. May carry cellular protooncogenes in their genome

3. May carry cellular v-oncogenes in their genome

4. Carry single-stranded RNA as their genetic material

Q. Viral genome incoporated in host DNA is called

1. Bacteriophage
2. None of the above
3. Prophase
4. Prophage