Growth

Q. Growth can be measured in various ways. Which of these can be used as parameters to measure growth?

1. Increase in length and weight
2. All the above
3. Increase in cell number
4. Increase in cell size

Q.

Define growth, differentiation, development, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, determinate growth, meristem and growth rate.

Q. Which of the following statements is/are incorrect about growth in plants?

Statement 1: The irreversible permanent increase in the dimension (e.g., length or volume or mass) of an organ, its part or an individual cell is called growth.
Statement 2: Growth occurs along with metabolic processes that occur at the expense of energy.
Statement 3: Swelling of a piece of wood can also be considered as growth in plants as it increases the size of wood.

1. Only statement 3 is incorrect
2. All the statements are correct
3. Only statement 1 is incorrect
4. Only statement 2 is incorrect

Q. Assertion (A): Endosperm development precedes embryo development.
Reason(R): During the endosperm development, initially the PEN undergoes successive nuclear divisions to give rise to free nuclei.

1. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
2. The assertion is true but reason is false.
3. Both assertion and reason are false.
4. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

Q. Write down what you think are necessary conditions for growth?

Q. List the changes seen in human beings that are indicative of reproductive maturity?

Q. In adventive embryony, embryos develop from:

1. Nucellus
2. Endosperm
3. Synergids
4. Antipodal cell

Q. In plants, growth is

1. restricted to certain regions or structures
2. irreversible
3. change in size
4. all the above

Q. Growth at __ level is principally a consequence of increase in the amount of protoplasm.

Q. In plants, growth is

1. change in size
2. all the above
3. restricted to certain regions or structures
4. irreversible

Q. Which of the following cannot be regarded as growth?

1. Increase in the height of a mountain.
2. Increase in the size of a wooden plank soaked in water.
3. Increase in the volume of water in a tank.
4. Increase in the size of a leaf

Q. Which of the following statements is/are true with respect to plant growth?

1. The root and stem of a plant are descendents of a single cell

2. Leaves and fruits show indeterminate growth

3. Plant development includes both growth and differentiation

1. 1 only
2. 1 and 2
3. 3 only
4. 1 and 3

Q. Which statement(s) is/are true for plant growth?

1. Plant has unlimited growth.
2. Plant has open type of growth.
3. Plant growth generally is indetermined.
4. Plant growth cannot be measured.

Q.

Give an example of how degrowth can occur.

Q. Assertion :- Growth is one of the vital aspects of plant development.
Reason:- Development is the overall process from birth to death and is the sum of growth and differentiation.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. The assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Q. A student placed raisins in a glass of water for several hours. Later, he found that the raisins had swollen and were bigger than before. He hypothesized that this increase in the size of raisin can be regarded as the growth of raisin. Which of the following reasons will nullify the hypothesis?

1. Growth is an external increase in the mass in living organisms
2. Growth need not be accompanied by any metabolic reactions in living organisms
3. Growth occurs at the expense of energy and is a result of metabolic processes
4. Growth is only accompanied by an increase in the area of the cell

Q. Geometric growth means

1. After mitotic cell division, only one cell continues to divide, while the other differentiates

2. After mitotic cell division, only one cell matures, while the other cell differentiates

3. After mitotic cell division, both the daughter cells retain the ability to divide further

4. After mitotic cell division, both the daughter cells differentiate

Q.

Identify the correct statement(s) related to plant growth

A. Plant growth involves acquisition of new structures and organs.

B. All structures develop from a single cell, the zygote.

C. Growth occurs due to expenditure of energy.

1. A & B alone

2. C only

3. A, B and C

4. A only

Q.

Match the following columns related to phases of growth

$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Column-I}& \text{Column-II}\\ \text{A.Meristematic phase}& \text{1.Cells attain maximum size}\\ \text{B.Elongation phase}& \text{2.Constant state of cell division}\\ \text{C.Maturation phase}& \text{3.Cells acquire protoplasm}\end{array}$

1. A - 3 , B - 1 , C - 4 , D - 2

2. A - 4 , B - 3 , C - 2 , D - 1

3. A - 1 , B - 2 , C - 3 , D - 4

4. A - 2 , B - 4 , C - 1 , D - 3

Q.

When do unicellular organisms divide?

Q.

Define growth, differentiation, development, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, determinate growth, meristem and growth rate.

Q. The hormone that maintains the endometrium of the uterus is secreted by______

1. uterus
2. ovary
3. anterior pituitary
4. hypothalamus

Q.

Both animals and plants grow. Why do we say that growth and differentiation in plants are open and not so in animals?

Does this statement hold true for sponges also?

Q. The growth in plants is

1. limited
2. unlimited
3. None of these
4. unlocalized

Q. If the seedlings are grown in darkness they are

1. similar to those grown in light
2. taller than those grown in light
3. of the same size as those grown in light
4. much healthier than those grown in light

Q. In a growing plant, the first phase during the process of growth is

1. Cell division
2. Cell enlargement
3. Cell differentiation
4. Cell maturation

Q.

Growth in plants is

1. Restricted to certain regions only

2. All the above

3. A change in its volume and size

4. Irreversible

Q. Menstruation is triggered by an abrupt decline in the amount of a hormone :

Q. Which of the following cells permanently enter into G${}_0$ Phase ?

1. Nerve cells
2. Parenchyma cells
3. Meristematic cells
4. All cells of animals

Q. The phenomenon of introduction of exogenous DNA into the genome of animals is :

1. Foreign gene therapy
   
2. Ex vivo gene therapy
3. Transgenesis
4. In vivo, gene therapy