Introduction to Soil Pollution

Q. __A____and ____B___ are the pioneer species in xerarch and hydrarch successions respectively.

1. A - Lichens, B - phytoplankton
2. A - Lichens, B - sedges
3. A - Phytoplankton, B - lichens
4. A - Lichens, B - rooted hydrophytes

Q. In hydrarch succession, the scrub stage is observed in between

1. phytoplankton stage and submerged plant stage
2. reed-swamp stage and marsh-meadow stage
3. marsh-meadow stage and climax community stage
4. phytoplankton stage and reed-swamp stage

Q.

Match the items given in column A and B:

Column A		Column B
(a)	Catalytic converter	(i)	Particulate matter
(b)	Electrostatic precipitator	(ii)	Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides
(c)	Earmuffs	(iii)	High noise level
(d)	Landfills	(iv)	Solid wastes

Q. What is common between xerarch and hydrarch succession?

1. Pioneer species
2. Habitat
3. It eventually leads to mesic conditions
4. Both a and b

Q. How many of the following statements are correct with respect to the activated sludge?

I - It is composed of soil and small pebbles that are removed during the primary treatment of the sewage
II - It can be used for biogas production
III - It is fed into anaerobic sludge digesters
IV - It is obtained at the end of the oxidation of organic wastes during the secondary treatment of the sewage

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

Q. During secondary treatment of primary effluent, how does a significant decrease in BOD occur? [2]

Q. Assertion: Xerarch succession ultimately leads to mesic conditions.
Reason: Xerarch succession begins on rocks.

1. Both the assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion
2. Both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation for the assertion
3. The assertion is true but the reason is false
4. Both assertion and the reason are false

Q. The main reason for land degradation in Uttar Pradesh is __________.

1. Mining
2. Excessive irrigation
3. Salinity
4. Dense population

Q. Ultraviolet radiations from sunlight cause reaction which produces

1. ${\text{SO}}_2$
2. $\text{CO}$
3. ${\text{CH}}_4$
4. ${\text{O}}_3$

Q. Organic fertilizer can be derived from

1. Animal matter
2. Vegetable matter
3. materials containing one or more of the primary nutrients nitrogen, phosphorous or potassium
4. animal manure

Q.

Why fertilizers and manure are added in the soil?

Q. Assertion :To replenish the lost nutrients in the soil, quick acting, handy nutrients are applied in the form of fertilizers. Reason: Chemical fertilizer contains the necessary plants nutrients.

1. if both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
2. if both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
3. if Assertion is true but Reason is false
4. if both Assertion and Reason are false

Q. Which of the following is/are responsible for soil pollution?

1. Has a high BOD as it contains both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
2. Is processed by aerobic bactena and then anaerobic bacteria in secondary treatment in sewage treatment plants (STPs)
3. When treated in STPs does not really require the acration step as the sewage contains adequate .
4. Has very high amounts of suspended solids and dissolved salts.

Q. A slab of bare rock is covered with lichens. In time, mosses covered the rock, followed by grasses and finally by small shrubs and tree. In this observation, mosses represent:

1. Pioneer community
2. Seral community
3. Climax community
4. Dominant species

Q.

1. True
2. False

Q. What is the basic difference between fertilizers and manures?

1. Fertilizers are natural and manures are artificial
2. Fertilizers are artificil and manures are natural
3. Fertilizers increase the fertility of the soil and manures reduce the fertility of the soil
4. Fertilizers prevents the growth of crop and manures increase the fertility of the soil
5. None of these

Q. Give various sources and harmful effects of soil pollution.​

Q.

What is the difference between organic fertilizers and manure ?

Q. Which of the following plant is used as green manure?

1. Crotolaria juncea
2. Vigna sinensis
3. Trifolium alexandrinum
4. All of the above

Q. Biogas can be a good substitute for

1. Petroleum and oil
2. Fuelwood
3. Coal
4. Charcoal

Q. Which of these terms is related to environmental pollution?

1. Pollutants
2. Biological agents
3. Sink
4. All of these

Q. A disadvantage of high yielding varieties that were introduced during the green revolution

1. The yield per hectare was high
2. The use of organic fertilizers
3. The use of synthetic fertilizers
4. All of the above

Q. A disadvantage of high yielding varieties that were introduced during the green revolution

1. The use of synthetic fertilizers
2. The use of organic fertilizers
3. All of the above
4. The yield per hectare was high

Q. Which of the followings are correct regarding incineration?

1. Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of organic substances contained in waste materials
2. Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas, and heat
3. In some cases, the heat generated by incineration can be used to generate electric power.
4. None of these
   

Q. The type of pollution which is found the third most is

1. Land or landscape pollution
2. Controlled tipping
3. Noise pollution
4. UV pollution

Q. The effect of pollution is on

1. Crop rotation
2. Cell division
3. Ecological balance
4. Mutation

Q.

Match the items given in column A and B:

Column A		Column B
(a)	Catalytic converter	(i)	Particulate matter
(b)	Electrostatic precipitator	(ii)	Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides
(c)	Earmuffs	(iii)	High noise level
(d)	Landfills	(iv)	Solid wastes