Mechanism of Breathing

Q. A person suffers punctures in his chest cavity in an accident without any damage to the lungs, its effect could be:

1. Rapid increase in breathing rate
2. No change in breathing
3. Cessation of breathing
4. Gradual increase in breathing

Q.

Mark the ture statement among the following with reference to normal breathing

(a) inspiration is a passive process whereas expiration is active

(b) Inspiration is a active process whereas expiration is passive

(c) inspiration and expiration are active processes

(d) inspitation and expiration are passive processes

Q. By the contraction in which of the following muscle, the volume of thoracic chamber increases in the antero-posterior axis?

1. Diaphragm muscles
2. Abdominal muscles
3. Diaphragm muscles and EICM
4. External inter-coastal muscles

Q. Which of the following conditions is/are favorable for oxyhaemoglobin formation in alveoli?
i) High partial pressure of oxygen, low partial pressure of carbon dioxide
ii) Low partial pressure of oxygen, high partial pressure of carbon dioxide
iii) Low pH, low temperature
iv) High pH, high temperature

1. Only i is correct
2. Both i and ii are correct
3. Both i and iii are correct
4. Both iii and iv are correct

Q. Effect of carbon dioxide concentration on dissociation of oxyhaemoglobin is called

1. Bohr's effect
2. Haldane effect
3. Hamburger effect
4. Gaudi Kov's effect

Q. Read the assertion and reason carefully to mark the correct option in question

Assertion: Inspiration occurs due to muscular relaxation.

Reason: During inspiration, the diaphragm and external intercostal muscle contract simultaneously.

1. If assertion is false but reason is true.
2. If both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
3. If assertion is true but reason is false.
4. If both assertion and reason are false.
5. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Q. What is the difference between Deep and Shallow breathing?

Q.

A person suffers punctures in his chest cavity in an accident, without any damage to the lungs its effect could be

(a) reduced breathing rate

(b) rapid increase in breathing rate

(c) no change in respiration

(d) cessation of breathing

Q. Choose the components that make up the respiratory membrane
I. Type I cells of alveolar epithelium
II. Type II cells of alveolar epithelium
III. Basement membrane
IV. Lumen of blood capillaries
V. Endothelial cells of blood capillaries

1. I, III , V
2. I, II, IV
3. II, III, IV
4. II, IV, V

Q.

What happens during normal expiration ?

1. Abdominal muscles contraction

2. Internal intercostal muscles relaxation

3. Increase in volume of the thoracic cavity

4. Diaphragm contraction

Q. Match the epithelial tissue given in column-I with its location given in column-II and choose the correct option.

Q.

Inner lining of gut and stomach is made of

1. Simple squamous epithelium

2. Simple glandular columnar epithelium

3. Simple cuboidal epithelium

4. All of these

Q. Faster breathing in high fever is due to

1. mental stress of the patient
2. loss of appetite
3. high temperature of the body
4. excess oxygen requirement for the invading pathogens

Q. The cells lining blood vessels and the lung alveoli are classed as _____ epithelium.

1. columnar
2. stratified squamous
3. simple squamous
4. simple squamous

Q.

Name the important parts involved in creating a pressure gradient between lungs and the atmosphere during normal respiration.

Q.

What is tidal breathing?

Q.

How many muscles are involved in breathing?

Q.

Mark the correct pair of muscles involved in the normal breathing in humans during expiration.

1. External and internal intercostal muscles

2. Diaphragm and internal intercostal muscles

3. Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

4. Diaphragm and abdominal muscles

Q.

Which of the following factors favors an increase in breathing rate?

1. increased blood oxygen

2. decreased acidity

3. increased blood carbon dioxide

4. increased pH

Q.

What is bulk flow in respiration?

Q.

Which of the following statements is true?

1. During inspiration, the diaphragm stretches and the intrathoracic pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure.

2. During Inspiration, the diaphragm relaxes and the intrathoracic pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure.

3. During expiration, the diaphragm stretches and increases the volume of the thoracic cavity.

4. Intercostal muscles are used in normal breathing.

Q. During inspiration in humans,

1. contraction of diaphragm increases the volume of thoracic cavity in antero-posterior axis
2. relaxation of diaphragm increases the thoracic volume in antero-posterior axis
3. contraction of internal intercostal muscles increases the volume of thoracic cavity in antero-posterior axis
4. relaxation of internal intercostal muscles decreases the volume of thoracic cavity in dorso-ventral axis

Q.

The breathing and respiration in woody stem of a plant takes place through ______

Q. Which of the following are parts of the exchange zone?
I) Alveolar atria
II) Alveoli
III) Terminal bronchiole
IV) Respiratory bronchiole
V) Tertiary bronchi

1. II only
2. II, III, IV, and V only
3. I, II, and III only
4. I, II, and IV only

Q. Which of the following are parts of the exchange zone?
I) Alveolar atria
II) Alveoli
III) Terminal bronchiole
IV) Respiratory bronchiole
V) Tertiary bronchi

1. II, III, IV, and V only
2. II only
3. I, II, and III only
4. I, II, and IV only

Q. Our atmosphere has 21% of the oxygen gas, what will be the partial pressure exerted by this gas?

1. 158 mmHg
2. 159 mmHg
3. 160 mmHg
4. 173 mmHg

Q. Which of the following condition is required for inspiration?

1. Intrapulmonary pressure < atmospheric pressure
2. Intrapulmonary pressure = atmospheric pressure
3. Both A and C
4. Intrapulmonary pressure > atmospheric pressure

Q.

All epithelial cells are separated from the underlying tissue by the _____.

Q. Almost same $pC{O}_2$ in humans is found in:

1. Oxygenated blood and tissues
2. Deoxygenated blood and oxygenated blood
3. Deoxygenated blood and tissues
4. All of the above

Q. Which of the following muscles contract during heavy breathing during strenuous exercise?

1. External intercostal muscles and diaphragm
2. Internal intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles
3. Internal intercostal muscles and diaphragm
4. Diaphragm and abdominal muscles