Microbes in Industrial Products

Q.

Write 10 lines on the use of microorganisms in our lives.

Q.

Match the following list of bacteria and their commercially important products:

Bacterium Product

(i) Aspergillus niger (a) Lactic acid

(ii) Acetobacter aceti (b) Butyric acid

(iii) Clostridium butylicum (c) Acetic acid

(iv) Lactobacillus (d) Citric acid

1. i b, ii c, iii d, iv a

2. i d, ii a, iii c, iv b

3. i b, ii d, iii c, iv a

4. i d, ii c, iii b, iv a

Q.

Enzyme immobilization is:

1. Conversion of active enzyme into inactive form

2. Providing enzyme with protective covering

3. Changing a soluble enzyme into an insoluble state

4. Changing pH so that the enzyme does not function

Q.

Is Rhodospirillum a free-living aerobic entity?

Q. Which of the following is wrongly matched in the given table?

1. Microbe	Product	Application
   Trichoderma polysporum	Cyclosporin A	Immunosuppressive drug

2. Microbe	Product	Application
   Monascus purpureus	Statins	Lowering of blood cholesterol

3. Microbe	Product	Application
   Streptococcus	Streptokinase	Removal of clot from blood vessel

4. Microbe	Product	Application
   Clostridium butylicum	Lipase	Removal of oil stains

Q.

Which one of the following pairs is wrongly matched?

1. Coliforms - Vinegar

2. Yeast - Ethanol

3. Methanogens - Gobar gas

4. Streptomyces - Anitbiotics

Q.

Which of the following microbes is correctly paired with its function?

1. Aspergillus niger -Production of lactic acid

2. Trichoderma polysporum -Lowers blood cholesterol

3. Saccharomyces cerevisiae -Production of citric acid
   

4. Methanogenic bacteria -Gobar gas formation

Q.

enzyme is used to remove oily stains from clothes.

Q. Select the incorrect statement from the following.

निम्नलिखित में से गलत कथन का चयन कीजिए।

1. Different cheese varieties are ripened with the help of bacteria or fungi
   
   चीज की भिन्न किस्मों को जीवाणु या कवक की सहायता से पकाया जाता है
2. Bread and beer both are prepared with the help of a fungus species
   
   ब्रेड तथा बीयर दोनों को कवक प्रजाति की सहायता से तैयार किया जाता है
3. Lactic acid and streptokinase are produced by bacteria
   
   लैक्टिक अम्ल तथा स्ट्रैप्टोकाइनेज जीवाणु द्वारा उत्पन्न होते हैं
4. Statins and ethanol are produced commercially by using same species
   
   स्टैटिन तथा एथेनॉल समान प्रजाति के उपयोग द्वारा व्यावसायिक रूप से उत्पन्न किए जाते हैं

Q. Lipases used in laundry are obtained from

1. Byssochlamys fulva
2. Fusarium graminerum
3. Geotrichum candidum
4. Geotrichum candidum

Q. Match the organisms with the products they help produce in Industrial scale
$\begin{array}{cc}ColumnI& ColumnII\\ A.Escherichia& i.AcetoneandIsopropanol\\ B.Saccharomycescerevisiae& ii.Propionicacid\\ C.Lactobacillus& iii.Ethanol\\ D.Clostridium& iv.AceticAcid\\ E.Propionibacterium& v.Lacticacid\end{array}$

1. A-i, B-iii, C-ii, D-v, E-iv
2. A-iv, B-i, C-v, D-ii, E-iii
3. A-iii, B-ii, C-iv, D-v, E-i
4. A-iv, B-iii, C-v, , D-i, E-ii

Q.

Citric acid can be produced from:

1. Clostridium

2. Pseudomonas

3. Saccharomyces

4. Aspergillus

Q. Which of the following chemicals is used for poisoning the specimens in herbarium technique?

1. $H{g}_{2}C{l}_2$
2. $AgN{O}_3$
3. $HCl$
4. $HgC{l}_2$

Q.

Name a methanogen that uses carbon dioxide as a source of carbon and hydrogen as reducing agents.

Q.

Match Column I with Column II and select the correct option using the codes given below
$\begin{array}{cccc}& ColumnI& & ColumnII\\ a.& Citricacid& \left(i\right)& Trichoderma\\ b.& CyclosporinA& \left(ii\right)& Clostridium\\ c.& Statins& \left(iii\right)& Aspergillus\\ d.& Butyricacid& \left(iv\right)& Monascus\end{array}$

1. a - i, b - iv, c - ii, d - iii

2. a - iii, b - iv, c - i, d - ii

3. a - iii, b - i, c - ii, d - iv

4. a - iii, b - i, c - iv, d - ii

Q.

In the follwoing questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as:
Assertion : Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces acetic acid.
Reason : Trichoderma polysporum produces blood cholesterol lowering agent.

1. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
   

2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
   

3. If assertion is true but reason is false.
   

4. If both assertion and reason are false.

Q. Which of the following microorganisms is used in the production of citric acid in industries?

1. Lactobacillus bulgaris
2. Penicillium citrinum
3. Asperilligus niger
4. Rhizopus nigricans

Q. The absorption of glycerol, fatty acids and monoglycerides takes place by the

1. Wall of the stomach
2. Lymph vessels within the villi
3. Capillaries within the villi
4. Colon

Q.

In the follwoing questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as:
Assertion : Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces acetic acid.
Reason : Trichoderma polysporum produces blood cholesterol lowering agent.

1. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
   

2. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
   

3. If assertion is true but reason is false.
   

4. If both assertion and reason are false.

Q. Microbes can be used in the synthesis of chemicals such as $HCl$ and $HN{O}_3$.

1. True
2. False

Q.

Name of the acid produced by lactic acid bacteria to convert milk into curd?

Q. Citric acid used in the production of beverages, toffees, chocolates is obtained by fermentation of _______ by Aspergillus niger.

1. Wheat
2. Sugar molasses
3. Rice
4. Coffee nuts

Q. enzyme is used to remove oily stains from clothes.

1. Lipase
2. Protease
3. Cellulase
4. Amylase

Q. Select the correct option:

1. The bacteria could no longer swim
2. The bacteria would not adhere to the host tissue
3. Transportation of molecules across the membrane would stop
4. The shape of bacteria would change

Q. Assertion :Saccharomyes cerevisiae produces acetic acid. Reason: Trichoderma polysporum produces blood chloestrol lowering agent.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Q. Sphagnum is used as packing material for transporting living plants because of its

1. Acidic nature it does not undergo decay
2. Creeping capacity
3. Water absorbing capacity
4. Both A and C

Q. Citric acid is derived from

1. Aspergillus niger
2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
3. Clostridium butylicum
4. Lactobacillus bulgaricus

Q. Anaerobic degradation of proteins by microbes is known as

1. Putrefaction
   
2. Degradation
3. Decomposition
4. None of the above
   

Q.

1. Occurs inside the mitochondria
2. Net gain of only 2 ATP molecules
3. Partial breakdown of glucose occurs
4. None of these

Q. Assertion :Enzymes application in industry is enhanced by its immobilization. Reason: Immobilization provides protection to enzymes without affecting their activity.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
4. Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.