Mutualism

Q.

Association between Sea Anemone and Hermit crab in gastropod shell is that of

1. parasitism

2. ammensalism

3. commensalism

4. symbiosis

Q. Among the following, between which of the two, the relationship is not example of commensalism?

1. Orchid and the tree on which it grows
2. Female wasp and fig species
3. Cattle egret and grazing cattle
4. Sea anemone and clown fish

Q.

Choose the correct option-

Amensalism can be represented as-

1. Species A (+); Species B (+)

2. Species A (–); Species B (0)

3. Species A (–); Species B (–)

4. Species A (+); Species B (0)

Q.

Define the following terms and give one example of each:

(1) Commensalism

(2) Parasitism

(3) Camouflage

(4) Mutualism

(5) Interspecific competition

Q.

How does the floral pattern of Mediterranean orchid Ophrys guarantee cross pollination?

Q. Can you tell what advantage the fungus derives from the mycorrhizal association?

Q. Statement 1: Insectivorous plants synthesizes its food by photosynthesis
Statement 2: They digest insects for obtaining nitrogen.
Statement 3: Generally they grow in nitrogen deficient soil.

1. All 3 statements are wrong
2. Only statement 2 and 3 are correct. And statement 3 is not the correct explanation for statement 2.
3. All 3 statements are correct. And statement 3 is the correct explanation for statement 2.
4. Only statement 2 and 3 are correct. And statement 3 is the correct explanation for statement 2.

Q. Which one of the following plants shows a very close relationship with a species of moth, where none of the two can complete its life cycle without the other?

1. Banana
2. Yucca
3. Hydrilla
4. Viola

Q.

(a) Write how parasites have evolved with adaptation to co-exist with their hosts in an ecosystem.

(b) Parasites are host specific and tend to co-evolve. How would the parasite respond if the host evolves a certain mechanism to resist or reject the parasite? [3 marks]

Q.

VAM is component of _________.

1. Ectomycorhiza

2. Endomycorhiza

3. Green manure

4. Mycoherbicides

Q.

An association between two individuals or populations where both benefit and neither can survive without the other is

1. competition

2. commensalism

3. mutualism

4. Amensalism

Q. Which of the following statement/s is/are correct?
1) Neutralism describes the relationship between two species which help each other.
2) Symbiosis is type of Neutralism.

1. No tobacco day
2. World environment day
3. World population day
4. World health day

Q. Regarding assertion and reason , choose the correct option.
Assertion [A]: Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic relationship between fungi and photosynthesising algae.
Reason [R]: Mutualistic organisms mostly occupy the same niche and are studied together as they are functionally interlinked.

1. Both A and R are true and R explains A
2. Both A and R are true R does not explain A
3. Both A and R are false
4. A is true and R is false

Q. Mark the incorrect match (with respect to interspecific interactions).

1. Amensalism: -, 0
2. Predation : +, –
3. Commensalism : +, +
4. Parasitism +, –

Q. Name and explain the type of interaction that exists in mycorrhizae and between cattle egret and cattle. [3]

Q.

VAM contains

1. Saprophytic bacteria

2. Saprophytic fungi

3. Symbiotic bacteria

4. Symbiotic fungi

Q. Root nodules are (i) ___ association, between (ii) ___

1. (i) Commensalistic (ii) leguminous plant and rhizobium
2. (i) Mutualistic (ii) leguminous plant and rhizobium
3. (i) Parasitic (ii) plant and fungi
4. (i) Parasitic (ii) leguminous plant and algae

Q. State whether true or false
Mutualism is an interaction where both organisms benefit from each other.

1. True
2. False

Q. VAM is seen in

1. Peach
2. Grasses
3. Pea
4. Oak

Q. Complete the given analogy
Pisaster: Predator :: Clown fish: _______

1. Pollinator
2. Decomposer
3. Parasite
4. Commensal

Q.

Roots associated with fungi are known as mycorrhizal roots.

1. True
2. False

Q.

Study the following statements about Adamsia and select your answer from the answer code.

(A) It is a parasite on clownfish.

(B) It is an example of symbiotic mutualism along with clownfish

(C) It is called sea anemone.

(D) It is called hermit crab.

1. A and B are correct

2. B and C are correct

3. C and D are correct

4. A and D are correct

Q. Among the following, between which of the two, the relationship is not an example of commensalism?

1. Orchid and the tree on which it grows
2. Cattle egret and grazing cattle
3. Sea anemone and clown fish
4. Female wasp and fig species

Q.

Do Lichens need sunlight?

Q. Interaction of algae and fungi in lichen is an example of mutualism while that of bees and flowers is an example of mutualism.

1. dependent
2. independent
3. interlinked
4. related

Q.

Read the following given examples

(i) Plant – pollinator mutualism

(ii) African catfish in our rivers for aquaculture

(iii) Fish species with its parasites.

(iv) Nile perch and cichlid fish

Which out of these options correctly gives the examples of “Co – extinctions” as a cause of biodiversity loss.

1. (i), (ii)

2. (ii), (iii)

3. (i), (iii)

4. (ii), (iv)

Q. What correctly defines mycorrhiza?

1. Plants that have no vascular tissue.
2. Nitrogen fixing bacteria that live in nodules on the roots of legumes.
3. Primitive plants like mosses, which show a dominant gametophyte stage.
4. Vascular bundles in the stems of tracheophytes.
5. Symbiotic structures living in the roots of plants that increase uptake of nutrients from the soil.

Q. [3]


a) Name the interaction represented by the table.
b) Give examples for each.
c) What does Gause’s principle state?

Q. In the population interaction called commensalism,

Q. An exotic species that is introduced to a new area, spreads rapidly and eliminates native species is called

1. immigrant species
2. none of these.
3. invasive species
4. destructive species