Nephron

Q. Read the following passage and answer the question(s) given below :

Our body needs to remove the wastes that build up from cell activities and from digestion. If these wastes are not removed, then our cells can stop working and we can get very sick. The organ of our excretory system helps to release wastes from our body. The excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra. Each kidney is made up of nearly one million complex tubular structures called nephrons. Each nephron consists of a cup-shaped upper end called Bowman's capsule containing a bunch of capillaries called glomerulus. Bowman's capsule leads to tubular structure- proximal convoluted tubules, loop of henle, and distal convoluted tubules which ultimately joins the collecting tubule.

Question:
Glomerular filtrate is first collected by?

1. Proximal convoluted tubule
2. Bowman's capsule
3. Distal convoluted tubule
4. Loop of henle

Q.

The smallest unit of a kidney which is responsible for the removal of nitrogenous wastes from the blood is neuron.

1. Neuron

2. Alveoli

Q.

The smallest unit of a kidney which is responsible for the removal of nitrogenous wastes from the blood is:

1. Alveoli

2. Neuron

3. Nephron

4. Urethra

Q.

Match the following:

$$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Coloumn1}& \text{Coloumn2}\\ \text{1. Carbon dioxide is removed from the blood in this organ}& \text{i) Kidneys}\\ \text{2. Nitrogenous waste is removed from the blood in this organ}& \text{ii) Nephrons}\\ \text{3. Filtration units present in the kidney}& \text{iii) Lungs}\end{array}$$

1. 1-ii, 2-iii, 3-i

2. 1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii

3. 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i

4. 1-i, 2-iii, 3-ii

Q.

Which of the following is not reabsorbed during urine formation?

1. Amino acids

2. Glucose

3. Salts

4. Urea

Q.

Kidney is an excretory and regulatory organ. Which of the following are regulated effectively by kidneys?

1. CO₂ and protein

2. Sugar and O₂

3. Water and fats

4. Water and salts

Q.

Which among the following substances are reabsorbed in the nephron?

1. Urea, Uric acid, Amino acid

2. Glucose, Amino acids, Salts

3. Glucose, Urea, Creatinine

4. KCl, Urea, Glucose

Q.

Which of the following is not an excretory organ?

1. Kidney

2. Liver

3. Lungs

4. Skin

Q.

The correct sequence of urine formation in human body is:

1. Glomerular filteration → selective reabsorption → tubular secretion

2. Tubular filtration → Selective reabsorption → Tubular secretion

3. Glomerular secretion → selective secretion → tubular reabsorption

4. Selective reabsorption → Glomerular filtration → Tubular secretion

Q. is the structural and functional unit of the kidney.

1. Neuron
2. Nephron
3. Urethra
4. Ureter