Net Primary Productivity

Q. (a) What is the primary productivity of an ecosystem and how is it expressed?

(b) Explain what does the equation given below show:
NPP = GPP - R

Q. Primary production is defined as the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis. It is expressed in terms of

a. Weight $\left({\text{gm}}^{–2}\right)$
b. Weight $\left({\text{g}}^{–2}{\text{yr}}^{–1}\right)$
c. Energy $\left({\text{kcal m}}^{–2}\right)$
d. Energy $\left({\text{kcal m}}^{–2}{\text{yr}}^{–1}\right)$

1. $a$ and $b$
2. $b$ and $d$
3. $a$ and $c$
4. $c$ and $d$
   

Q.

Which one of the following ecosystems has the highest annual net primary productivity?

1. Tropical deciduous forest

2. Tropical rain forest

3. Temperate deciduous forest

4. Temperate evergreen forest

Q.

Net primary productivity is the gross primary productivity minus energy

1. secondary productivity

2. loss due to mortality

3. that is consumed by herbivores

4. that is consumed by the producer in metabolism

Q. Which one of the following has the highest measure of net primary productivity?

1. Coral reefs
2. Desert
3. Tundras
4. None of the above

Q. NPP is given by the formula -

Q. ________ is the available biomass for consumption by heterotrophs in an ecosystem.

1. Gross primary productivity
2. Net primary productivity
3. Secondary productivity
4. Standing crop

Q. Match the following and choose the correct option.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Column-I}& \text{Column-II}\\ \text{A. Phosphorus}& \text{I. Atmosphere}\\ \text{B. Carbon}& \text{II. Producers}\\ \text{C. Goat}& \text{III. Rock}\\ \text{D. Grasses}& \text{IV.}Consumer\end{array}$

1. A – II; B – III; C – IV; D – I
2. A – I; B – III; C – II; D – IV
3. A – III; B – II; C – IV; D – I
4. A – III; B – I; C – IV; D – II

Q. The biomass available for consumption by herbivores and decomposers is called -

1. Net primary productivity
2. Primary production
3. Standing crop biomass
4. Gross primary productivity

Q. The mass of living material in a particular trophic level at a particular time is called

1. secondary productivity
2. gross primary productivity
3. standing crop
4. net primary productivity

Q.

What fraction of the assimilated energy is used in respiration by the herbivores?

1. 10 percent

2. 60 percent

3. 30 percent

4. 80 percent

Q. Arrange the following ecosystems in increasing order of mean NPP (tonnes / ha / year):
A. Tropical deciduous forest
B. Temperate coniferous forest
C. Tropical rain forest
D. Temperate deciduous forest

1. B < A < D < C
2. D < B < A < C
3. A < C < D < B
4. B < D < A < C

Q. Identify the incorrect pair.

I. Net Primary Productivity - Available organic matter for the consumers
II. Primary Productivity - Amount of production of organic matter during photosynthesis
III. Gross Primary Productivity - Amount of biomass produced per unit area over a certain period of time by plants during photosynthesis

1. II only
2. I only
3. I and II
4. II and III

Q. Which one of the following has the highest measure of net primary productivity?

1. Coral reefs
2. Desert
3. Tundras
4. None of the above

Q. The tropical deciduous forest trees shed their leaves

1. To save energy
2. To enhance rate of respiration
3. To protect themselves from heat
4. To prevent loss of water
5. To enhance the rate of absorption

Q. Which of the following ecosystems is most productive in terms of net primary productivity $?$

1. Deserts
2. Estuaries
3. Oceans
4. Tropical rain forests

Q. Match column I (Indian forest types) with column II (dominant tree genera) and choose the correct option.

1. A- 1, B- 2, C- 4, D- 3
2. A- 3, B- 2, C- 1, D- 4
3. A- 4, B- 3, C- 2, D- 1
4. A- 1, B- 2, C- 3, D- 4
5. A- 2, B- 1, C- 4, D- 3

Q. Arrange the following ecosystems in increasing order of mean NPP (Tonnes/ha/year).
a. Tropical deciduous forest
b. Temperate coniferous forest
c. Tropical rainforest
d. Temperate deciduous forest

Q. The productivity that accumulates as biomass is:

1. Gross productivity
2. Net primary productivity
3. Gross primary productivity
4. Net secondary productivity

Q. Amount of organic matter stored by producers for heterotrophs per unit area in per unit time is known as productivity.

1. net primary
2. gross primary
3. secondary

Q. Number of forest types found in India are

1. 10
2. 24
3. 12
4. 14

Q. Amount of organic matter stored by producers for heterotrophs per unit area in per unit time is known as productivity.

1. net primary
2. gross primary
3. secondary

Q. With respect to the given assertion and reason, choose the correct option

Assertion [A]: Net primary productivity is greater than gross primary productivity.
Reason [R]: A part of net primary productivity goes waste during respiration.

1. Both A and R are true R explains A
2. Both A and R true but R does not explain A
3. A is true but R is false
4. Both A and R are false

Q. Suggest one word for each of the following statements/ definitions.
(a) The physical and biological world where we live in.
(b) Each level of food chain where transfer of energy takes place.
(c) The physical factors like temperature, rainfall, wind and soil of an ecosystem.
(d) Organisms which depend on the producers either directly or indirectly for food.

1. (a) Trophic level, (b) Environment/biosphere, (c) Abiotic factors, (d) Consumers/heterotrophs
2. (a) Environment/biosphere, (b) Abiotic factors (c) Trophic level, (d) Consumers/heterotrophs
3. None of the above
4. (a) Environment/biosphere, (b) Trophic level, (c) Abiotic factors, (d) Consumers/heterotrophs

Q.

Net primary productivity is the gross primary productivity minus energy

1. that is consumed by herbivores

2. that is consumed by the producer in metabolism

3. secondary productivity

4. loss due to mortality

Q. In the given graph of net primary productivity (NPP) of an aquatic ecosystem. If x axis represents the measure of NPP then Y axis can represent which of the following?

1. Standing crop biomass
2. Depth of water in meters
3. Gross productivity
4. None of the above

Q. The productivity that accumulates as biomass is:

1. Net primary productivity
2. Net secondary productivity
3. Gross primary productivity
4. Gross productivity

Q. Which ecosystem has the highest gross primary productivity $?$

Q.

how are standing crop $ biomass related to each other?

Q. Evergreen trees remain green throughout the year on account of ..........

1. Absence of leaf fall
2. Leaves falling in small numbers at intervals
3. Supply of the moisture throughout the year
4. Cold climate