Plant Breeding

Q.

What is the importance of crop physiology in agriculture and horticultural crops?

Q. The correct sequence of steps in breeding a new genetic variety of a crop is:
(a) Selection of parents
(b) Cross hybridisation of the selected parents
(c) Collection of variability
(d) Testing, release and commercialisation of new cultivars
(e) Selection and testing of superior recombinants

1. cabde
2. cabed
3. abcde
4. eabdc

Q. Pusa Sem 2 is a variety of ___A___ which is developed by ___B____.

1. A: okra, B: CDRI
2. A: mustard, B: IARI
3. A: flat bean, B: NDRI
4. A: flat bean, B: IARI

Q.

Which bacteria are oxidase-positive?

Q. What are the various steps involved in breeding a new variety of crop? [5]

Q. The tumour inducing plasmid (Ti plasmid) of ___(i)_______ has ____(ii)______.

1. (i) Bacillus thuringiensis
   (ii) T-DNA (tumour DNA)
2. (i) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
   (ii) T-DNA (tumour DNA)
3. (i) Bacillus thuringiensis
   (ii) T-DNA (transferred DNA)
4. (i) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
   (ii) T-DNA (transferred DNA)

Q.

Purposeful manipulation of plant species in order to create desired plant type that are better suited for cultivation, give better yields and disease resistant is

1. Plant breeding

2. Biofortification

3. Tissue culture

4. Hybrid breeding

Q. Which hormone is used to increase sugar cane production?

1. Gibberellin
2. Cytokinin
3. Auxin
4. Abscisic acid

Q. Agrobacterium tumifaciens is pathogenic to _____________.

1. monocots
   
2. dicots
3. gymnosperms
4. bryophytes

Q.

The inheritance and expression of ABO blood groups in humans are considered to examples of certain genetic phenomena. They are:

1. Multiple allelism only
2. Multiple allelism and epistasis
3. incomplete dominance and multiple allelism
4. multiple allelism and codominance

Q. Read the following statements.
(i) In haplo-diploid sex-determination system, the males do not have father and thus cannot have sons, but have a grandfather and can have grandsons
(ii) In honey bee, workers are developed by the unfertilized egg by means of parthenogenesis
(iii) In human skin colour, the effect of each allele is additive
(iv) In XO type of sex-determination, male have half number of chromosome than the female.
Select the incorrect statement.

1. $i,iii$
2. $ii,iii$
3. $ii,iv$
4. $i,iv$

Q. Regarding assertion and reason, choose the correct option
Assertion [A]: All life on earth derives energy from plants
Reason [R]: Plants are the primary producers being able to produce their own food. All living organisms are directly or indirectly dependant on plants for food

1. Both A and R are true and R explains A
2. Both A and R are true but R does not explain A
3. A is true and R is false
4. Both A and R are false

Q. Which of the following are the objectives of plant breeding?

1. Increasing the nutritional quality
2. To decrease tolerance to salinity
3. High-yielding
4. Disease-free

Q. Regarding assertion and reason, choose the correct option
Assertion [A]: Plant breeding leads to improvement of crop plants
Reason [R]: Plant breeding dates back to 9, 000 to 11, 000 years ago

1. Both A and R are true and R explains A
2. Both A and R are true but R does not explain A
3. A is true and R is false
4. Both A and R are false

Q. Taichung Native-1 is a variety of ___(1)_____from _____(2)_____.

1. (1)-wheat, (2)- Philippines
2. (1)-wheat, (2)- Taiwan
3. (1)-rice, (2)- Philippines
4. (1)-rice, (2)- Taiwan

Q.

Briefly describe various steps involved in plant breeding.

Q. Assertion: Ti plasmids are used to transfer genes to the host cells
Reason: They are natural vectors which deliver genes to the eukaryotic cells

1. Both the assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion
2. Both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
3. Assertion is true but the reason is false
4. Both the assertion and reason are false

Q. Rauwolfia vomitoria shows genetic diversity in terms of the
I. chemical structure of reserpine
II. potency of reserpine
III. concentration of reserpine

1. I and II
2. II and III
3. Only I
4. Only II

Q. Which statement is correct about the centre of origin of plants?

1. None of the above
2. Frequency of dominant genes is more
3. Climatic conditions more favorable
4. Wild or domesticated varieties developed their distinct characters

Q. Maximum genetic variation can be created through

1. introduction, hybridization and selection
   
2. introduction, mutation, hybridization and genetic engineering
3. selection and mutation
4. introduction and hybridization

Q. Which of the following is a natural insecticide?

Q.

How do humans affect plant growth?

Q. How many meiotic divisions are necessary for the formation of 100 grains of wheat?

1. 100
2. 125
3. 25
4. 50

Q. Wonder is a new wheat variety developed by

1. African Crop Improvement Centre
2. Mexico’s International Wheat and Maize Improvement Centre
3. Indian National Botanical Research Institute
4. Australian Crop Improvement Centre

Q. Inbreeding is carried out in animal husbandry because it

1. improves the breed
2. increases heterozygosity
3. increases homozygosity
4. increases vigour

Q. What is plant breeding? Describe various steps involved in the classical breeding of plants.

Q. Regarding assertion and reason, choose the correct option
Assertion [A]: All life on earth derives energy from plants
Reason [R]: Plants are the primary producers being able to produce their own food. All living organisms are directly or indirectly dependant on plants for food

1. Both A and R are true and R explains A
2. Both A and R are true but R does not explain A
3. A is true and R is false
4. Both A and R are false

Q. Number of meiotic divisions required to produce 200/400 seeds of pea would be

1. 200/400
2. 400/800
3. 300/600
4. 250/500

Q. Which of the following best describes totipotency of a plant cell?

1. Ability to divide and differentiate into a single cell type
2. Ability to divide and differentiate to form an entire organism
3. Ability to continuously divide without any cell cycle regulation
4. Ability to divide and differentiate into a few specific cell types

Q. Identify the correct pair of combination.

I. Parbhani Kranti – Resistance to virus – Bhindi
II. Pusa Gaurav – Resistance to aphids – Mustard
III. Pusa Sadabahar – Resistance to fruit borer – Cowpea
IV. Pusa Shubhra – Resistance to white rust – Cauliflower Codes

1. II and III
2. II and IV
3. I and II
4. I and III