STR

Q. Split genes include

1. 
   Exons
2. 
   Pseudoalleles
3. 
   Both A and B
4. 
   Introns

Q.

What is the difference between satellite DNA and repeating DNA?

Q. If the sequence of nitrogen bases of the coding strand of DNA in a transcription unit is: 5' -ATGAATG-3', the sequence of bases in its RNA transcript would be;

1. 5' - AUGAAUG - 3'.
2. 5'- UACUUAC - 3'
3. 5'- CAUUCAU - 3'
4. 5'- GUAAGUA - 3'

Q. Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will

1. Facilitates the action of DNA ligase
2. Complicate the gene cloning
3. Facilitates the action of restriction enzyme
4. Facilitates the gene cloning

Q. During transcription, the nucleotide sequence of the DNA strand that is being coded is ATACG, then the nucleotide sequence in the mRNA would be

1. TATGC
2. TCTGG
3. UAUGC
4. UATGG

Q. a) During DNA replication, why is it that the entire molecule does not open in one go?

b) Explain replication fork.

c) What are the two functions that the monomers (dNTPs) play?

Q. Plasmids are used in genetic engineering because they are

1. Easily available
2. Able to replicate
3. Inert
4. Able to integrate with host chromosome

Q. Plasmids are vectors for gene cloning because they

1. Replicate freely outside bacterial cells
2. Can be multiplied in culture
3. Self replicate in bacterial cells
4. Can be multiplied in laboratories using enzymes

Q. The processes by which DNA forms mRNA and mRNA forms protein are respectively

1. 
   Replication and translation
2. 
   Transcription and translation
3. 
   Translation and transcription
4. 
   Transcription and replication

Q. The genomic content of the nucleus is constant for a given species whereas the extra chromosomal DNA is found to be variable among the members of a population. Explain.

Q. Which is incorrect about DNA fingerprinting?

1. Verify whether a hopeful immigrant is, as he or she claims, really a close relative of already an established resident.
2. It is the procedure of genetic analysis and forensic medicine.
3. Identify racial groups to rewrite biological evolution.
4. The chromosomes of every human cell contain scattered through their DNA long, non repeated 15 nucleotide segments called “mini-satellites”.

Q. Okazaki is known for his contribution to the understanding of

1. Translation
2. Mutation
3. Transcription
4. DNA replication

Q. Regarding DNA, VNTRs are:
[0.7 mark]

1. Satellite DNA showing very high degree of polymorphism
2. The sequence of codes that synthesise most of the proteins
3. The parts of DNA which are not inherited
4. The stretch of DNA where mutation does not occur

Q. Which technique made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms?

1. Recombinant DNA techniques
2. Hybridisation
3. X-ray diffraction
4. Heavy isotope labelling

Q. What 'X'and 'Y' indicated in given diagram ?

1. X – Plasmid, Y– Foreign DNA
2. X – Foreign DNA Y – Sticky ends
3. X – Sticky ends, Y – foreign DNA
4. X – Plasmid and Y – Sticky ends

Q. Molecular probes used for identification of recombinant clone carrying the desired DNA insert can be a:
(i) Single stranded DNA segment.
(ii) Double stranded RNA segments.
(iii) Protein segments.
(iv) Denatured double stranded DNA segments.

1. (i) and (iv)
2. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
3. (i) and (ii)
4. (ii) and (iii)

Q. Extrachromosomal DNA used as vector in gene cloning is

1. Plasmid
2. Exon
3. Transposon
4. Intron

Q.

Is the whole genome used for dna fingerprinting or only vntr''s after density gradient centrifugation?

Q. The inventor of chain termination method of DNA sequencing is Dr Ray Wu.

1. True
2. False

Q. DNA which is composed of dinucleotide unit is

1. A DNA
2. B DNA
3. C DNA
4. Z DNA

Q. Regarding the assertion and reason, select the correct option.
Assertion [A]: The probability of two individuals having the same number of STRs is said to be about one in ten billion and yet, STRs are said to be the most unique feature of an individual’s genome.
Reason [R]: STRs from 13 different parts of the human genome are considered from 13 different locations in the genome.

1. Both A and R are true and R explains A
2. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
3. A is true and R is false
4. Both A and R are false

Q. The specific nucleotide sequences repeated multiple times in the genome of an individual are known as

1. STRs
2. Introns
3. Exons
4. Promoter

Q. Choose the correct symbols:

1. a = Reverse transcription,
   b = Translation, c = Transcription,
   d = Replication
2. a = Replication, b = Transformation, c = Transcription, d = Translation
3. a = Reverse transcription,
   b = Replication, c = Transcription,
   d = Translation
4. a = Replication, b = Transcription,
   c = Translation, d = Transduction

Q. What are variable Number Tandem Repeats of VNTRs?

Q. Two couples had a dispute of parentage over a child and had filed a case. The judge had asked both the couples along with the child to go for DNA fingerprinting. The results of electrophoresis are as shown below. Which of the couple is the right parents of the child?

1. $\left(F_1\right),\left(M_1\right)$
2. $\left(F_1\right),\left(M_2\right)$
3. $\left(F_2\right),\left(M_2\right)$
4. $\left(F_2\right),\left(M_1\right)$

Q. DNA fingerprinting using Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTRs) is based on the observation that

1. Each variant acts as an inherited allele, allowing them to be used for personal identification
2. The DNA of VNTR loci is more stable than that of loci which code for proteins
3. VNTR sequences show little variability
4. VNTR loci are highly polymorphic

Q.

why are DNA fragments cut into small parts?

Q. What is the probability of gamete AbC produced by a plant having genotype AaBbCc (If all the genes are situated on different chromosomes)?

1. $\frac{1}{2}$
2. $\frac{1}{4}$
3. $\frac{1}{6}$
4. $\frac{1}{8}$

Q. While sequencing the DNA fragment in a BAC, it was further cut into fragments containing 2000 base pairs. How are the DNA fragments from BACs separated from the human DNA?

1. None of the above
2. BAC DNA is cut out early and only human DNA is cut into smaller fragments
3. The DNA sequence of BAC is known, therefore during tallying of DNA sequence of all fragments, the BAC DNA is left out
4. BAC DNA has specific markers that can be read and identified while sequencing

Q. State whether true or false.

If you have 20 repeats of the STR sequence, it means that your sibling would have 20 repeats too.

1. True
2. False