The Thyroid Gland

Q.

Select the answer which correctly matches the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes and its function/deficiency symptom.

1. Thyroid gland – Thyroxine – Lack of iodine in diet results in goitre

2. Posterior pituitary – Growth hormone (GH) – Over secretion stimulates abnormal growth

3. Corpus luteum – Testosterone – Stimulates spermatogenesis

4. Anterior pituitary – Oxytocin – Stimulates uterus contraction during childbirth

Q. Correct sequence of hormone secretion from beginning of menstruation is:

1. FSH, progesterone, estrogen
2. Estrogen, FSH, progesterone
3. FSH, estrogen, progesterone
4. Estrogen progesterone, FSH

Q.

What is the difference between Gluconeogenesis and Glycogenesis?

Q. Which of the following hormone is not correctly matched to its source?

1. Adrenal cortex - Corticoids
2. Adrenal medulla - Catecholamines
3. Thymus - Thyroxine
4. Parathyroid gland - PTH

Q.

Name the hormone that helps to increase the reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules.

Q.

Match the following:

Column I		Column II
a	T4	i	Hypothalamus
b	PTH	ii	Thyroid
c	GnRH	iii	Pituitary
d	LH	iv	Parathyroid

Q.

Which hormone stimulates the process of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis?

Q. Thyroid cartilage of larynx enlarges in humans under the influence of:

1. Testosterone
2. Thyroxine
3. Triiodothyronine
4. Thyrocalcitonin

Q.

What Is Graves disease of the thyroid?

Q. Which of the following conditions is not linked to deficiency of thyroid hormone?

1. Cretinism
2. Goitre
3. Myxoedema
4. Exophthalmia

Q.

Name the hormone which would be released during the following situations: (a) a frightened person. (b) growth of a child to an adult. (c) development of caterpillar to moth. (d) development of tadpole to frog.

Q. A health disorder that results from the deficiency of thyroxine in adults and characterised by
(i) a low metabolic rate, (ii) increase in body weight, (iii) tendency to retain water in tissues is

1. Simple goiter
2. Myxoedema
3. Cretinism
4. Hypothyroidism

Q.

Calcium plays a very important role in the formation of bones. Write on the role of endocrine glands and hormones responsible for maintainim calcium homeostasis.

Q.

Name an element required for the proper working of the thyroid.

Q. Myxoedema occurs due to

1. hypersecretion of thyroid hormone
2. hyposecretion of thyroid hormone
3. hypersecretion of parathormone
4. hyposecretion of parathormone

Q. Which of the following statements are true/false ?
I. Calcitonin regulates the metabolism of calcium
II. Oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine muscles during birth
III. Grave's disease is caused by malfunctioning of adrenal gland.
IV. ADH stimulates absorption of water and increase the urine production.

1. I and III are true, II and IV are false
2. I and II are true, III and IV are false
3. I and III are false, II and IV are true
4. I, II and III are true, IV only false

Q.

The basal metabolic rates in body cells are regulated by

1. Parathyroid

2. Thyroid

3. Thymus

4. Pituitary

Q.

Write short notes on the functions of the following hormones,

(a) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

(b) Thyroid hormones

(c) Thymosins

(d) Androgens

(e) Estrogens

(f) Insulin and Glucagon

Q. Which of the following conditions is not linked to deficiency of thyroid hormone?

1. Cretinism
2. Goitre
3. Myxoedema
4. Exophthalmia

Q.

Name the endocrine gland that produces calcitonin and mention the role played by this hormone.

Q.

Differentiate between the following pair according to what is given in the bracket. Acromegaly and cretinism (symptoms).

Q.

Effect of thyroxine on B.M.R is

1. Increases

2. Decreases

3. Uncertain

4. No effect

Q.

Cortisol is secreted from

(a) pancreas

(b) thyroid

(c) adrenal

(d) thymus

Q. The C cells of the thyroid gland are responsible for the secretion of which hormone?

1. Calcitonin
2. Both thyroxine and calcitonin
3. $T_3$ and $T_4$
4. TSH

Q.

Which of the following statements are true/false?

I. Calcitonin regulates the metabolism of calcium.

II. Oxytocin stimulates contraction of uterine muscles during birth.

III. Graves disease is caused by the malfunctioning of adrenal gland.

IV. ADH stimulates absorption of water and increases the urine production.

1. I and III are true; II and IV are false

2. I and II are true; III and IV are false

3. I and IV are false; II and III are true

4. I, II and IV are true; only III is false

Q. Lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by ______________

1. parafollicular cells
2. follicular cells
3. isthmus
4. none of the above

Q. Lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by ______________

1. parafollicular cells
2. isthmus
3. none of the above
4. follicular cells

Q.

_____ is also known as voice box.

Q.

Consider the following hormones :

1. Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone (TRH)
2. Thyroid stimulating Hormone (TSH)
3. Thyroxine (T₄)

What is the correct sequence of the release of these hormones ?

1. 1-2-3

2. 2-1-3

3. 2-3-1

4. 1-3-2

Q. ............. is the only complete ring of the cartilage around the trachea.

1. Thyroid cartilage
2. Cricoid cartilage
3. Pretracheal fascia
4. Articular cartilage