Tidal Volume

Q.

Differentiate between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.

Q.

What is Tidal volume? Find out the Tidal volume (approximate value) for a healthy human in an hour.

Q. Describe the events in cardiac cycle. Explain “double circulation”.

Q. Regarding the functions of our respiratory system (conducting zone), mark the wrong entry.

1. Exchange of gases
2. Humidifies the air
3. Cleans up the air
4. Warms up the air

Q. A person breaths in some volume of air by forced inspiration after having forced expiration this quantity air taken is
(1)vital capacity
(2)Total lung capacity
(3)IRV
(4)none

Q.

What is the total lung capacity in human beings?

Q.

Complete the following reaction in yeast cells.

Glucose ⇢?⇢ In the absence of oxygen⇢ ? +?

Q.

Lungs receive the blood for purification from

1. Right ventricle

2. Right atrium

3. Left ventricle

4. Left atrium

Q. For completion of the respiration process, write the given steps in a sequential manner.

a. Diffusion of gases ($O_2$ and $C{O}_2$) across the alveolar membrane.

b. Transport of gases by blood.

c. Utilisation of $O_2$ by the cells for catabolic reactions and resultant release of $C{O}_2$.

d. Pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in and $C{O}_2$ rich alveolar air is released out.

e. Diffusion of $O_2$ and $C{O}_2$ between blood and tissues.

Q.

The surface area of the lungs is increased by

1. chest

2. ribs

3. air sacs

4. diaphragm

Q. A person suffers punctures in his chest cavity in an accident without any damage to the lungs. Its effect could be

1. Cessation of breathing
2. Rapid increase in breathing rate
3. No change in respiration
4. Reduced breathing rate

Q. Which of the following is removed from our body by lungs?

1. CO${}_2$ and H${}_2$O
   
2. Ammonia
3. H${}_2$O only
   
4. CO${}_2$ only
   

Q.

The amount of air that enters the lungs during normal, restful breathing is called the _____.

1. vital capacity

2. tidal volume

3. total lung capacity

4. expiratory reserve volume

Q. If expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is 1100 ml , residual volume (RV) is 1200 ml and tidal volume (TV) is 500 ml, what shall be the functional residual capacity (FRC)?

1. 2300ml
2. 1200ml
3. 2800ml
4. 1600ml

Q. Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below:

Column I	Column II
a. Tidal volume	(i) 2500 - 3000 mL
b. Inspiratory reserve volume	(ii) 1100 - 1200 mL
c. Expiratory reserve volume	(iii) 500 - 550 mL
d. Residual volume	(iv) 1000 - 1100 mL

1. a( i) ., b( iv) ., c( ii)., d( iii)
2. a(iii)., b( i)., c( iv) ., d( ii)
3. a( iii)., b( ii)., c( i)., d(iv)
4. a(iv)., b( iii)., c( ii)., d(i)

Q. When the oxygen supply to the tissue is inadequate, the condition is:

1. Dyspnea
2. Hypoxia
3. Asphyxia
4. Apnea

Q. The volume of ‘anatomical dead space’ air is normally

1. 230 mL
2. 210 mL
3. 190 mL
4. 150 mL

Q. Which of the following is the incorrect statement for respiration in humans?

1. Neural signals from pneumotaxic centre in pons region of brain can increase the respiratory rate
2. About $90\%$ of carbon dioxide $\left(C{O}_2\right)$ is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino haemoglobin
3. Workers in grinding and stone-breaking industries may suffer from lung fibrosis
4. Cigarette smoking may lead to inflammation of bronchi

Q.

Exchange of gases between the body and the environment is

1. Respiration

2. Ventilation

3. Inspiration

4. Expiration

Q.

The blood loaded with carbon dioxide from the body comes into the .......... of the heart.

Q. The volume of air taken in and out of the lungs during normal breathing is called____________________

1. tidal volume
2. residual volume
3. inspiratory reserve volume
4. expiratory reserve volume

Q.

A patient exhales normally, then, using forced ventilation, the patient blows as much air as possible into a spirometer. This would measure the:

1. inspiratory reserve volume

2. vital capacity

3. expiratory reserve volume

4. tidal volume

Q.

Blood is poured into the left atrium through.

1. Superior vena cava

2. Pulmonary vein

3. Inferior vena cava

4. Pulmonary artery

Q.

The relationship between the pressure and volume of gases is given by ________.

1. Boyle's law

2. Henry's law

3. Charles' law

4. Dalton's law

Q. The figure given below shows a small part of the human lung where exchange of gases takes place. In which one of the options given below, the one part, A, B, C or D is correctly identified along with its function.

1. B : Red blood cell - Mainly transport of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$
2. C : Arterial capillary - Passes oxygen to tissue
3. A : Alveolar cavity - Main site of exchange of respiratory gases
4. D : Capillary wall - Exchange of $O_2$ and ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ takes place here

Q. Which of the following represents a larger volume of air than is normally found in the resting tidal volume of human lung?

1. Residual volume
2. Inspiratory reserve volume
3. Expiratory reserve volume
4. All of the above

Q. From the following relationships between respiratory volume and capacities and mark the correct answer.

i. Inspiratory capacity $\left(IC\right)=$ Tidal Volume + Residual Volume
ii. Vital Capacity $\left(VC\right)=$ Tidal Volume $\left(TV\right)+$ Inspiratory Reserve Volume $\left(IRV\right)+$ Expiratory Reserve Volume $\left(ERV\right)$
iii. Residual Volume $\left(RV\right)=$ Vital Capacity $\left(VC\right)–$ Inspiratory Reserve Volume $\left(IRV\right)$
iv. Tidal Volume $\left(TV\right)=$ Inspiratory Capacity $\left(IC\right)–$ Inspiratory Reserve Volume $\left(IRV\right)$

1. (i) Incorrect, (ii) Correct, (iii) Incorrect, (iv) Correct
2. (i) Incorrect, (ii) Incorrect, (iii) Incorrect, (iv) Correct
3. (i) Correct, (ii) Correct, (iii) Incorrect, (iv) Correct
4. (i) Correct, (ii) Incorrect, (iii) Correct, (iv) Incorrect

Q. When does anaerobic respiration occur in man and yeast?

Q. Normal vital capacity of human adult is about -

1. 4600 ml
2. 3200 ml
3. 500 ml
4. 1200 ml

Q.

Which of these functions cannot be attributed to the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity?

1. warms incoming air

2. filters particles from incoming air

3. moistens incoming air

4. initial gas exchange between air and blood occurs here