Mechanism of Action of Lipophilic Hormones

Q.

What are lipophilic hormones?

Q.

The binding of a hormone to its receptor leads to the formation of a

1. Second messenger.

2. Primary messenger.

3. Hormone-receptor complex.

4. Intracellular messenger.

Q. The given diagrams I and II represent the mechanism of action for two categories of hormones. Which of the following options correctly identifies the options A to H?

1. A - Protein hormone, B - Receptor, C - Second Messenger, D - Steroid hormone, E - Receptor-hormone complex, F - Nucleus, G - mRNA, H - Protein
2. A - Steroid hormone, B - Receptor, C - Second Messenger, D - Protein hormone, E - Receptor-hormone complex, F - Nucleus, G - mRNA, H - Protein
3. A - Protein hormone, B - Receptor-hormone complex, C - Second Messenger, D - Steroid hormone, E - Receptor, F - Nucleus, G - mRNA, H - Protein
4. A - Protein hormone, B - Receptor-hormone complex, C - mRNA, D - Steroid hormone, E - Receptor, F - Nucleus, G - Second messenger, H - Protein

Q. Which of the following is true for lipophilic hormones?

1. Lipophilic hormones cross the plasma membrane
2. Inside the target cell, the steroid hormone binds to a specific receptor protein in the cytoplasm or nucleus.
3. Hormone-receptor complex enters the nucleus and binds to DNA, causing gene transcription.
4. Protein synthesis is induced.

Q. Which one of the following pairs of hormones are the examples of those which can easily pass through the cell membrane of the target cell and bind to a receptor inside it (mostly in the nucleus)?

1. Cortisol, testosterone
2. Insulin, glucagon
3. Thyroxin, insulin
4. Somatostatin, oxytocin