Morphological and Anatomical Evidences

Q.

What are homologous structures? Give an example. Is it necessary that homologous structures always have a common ancestor?

Q. Which ones are not analogous organs?

1. Wings of bird and wings of a butterfly

2. Eye of octopus and eyes of mammals
3. Flippers of penguins and flippers of dolphins
4. Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita

Q.

What are vestigial organs?

Q. Which of the following is a vestigial organ?

1. Molar tooth
2. Large intestine
3. Vermiform appendix
4. All of these

Q.

Very Short Answer Type Questions:

Name any three examples of vestigeal organs found in mans body.

Q. Which of the following structures is homologus to the wing of a bird?

1. Dorsal fin of a shark
2. Wing of a moth
3. Hind limb of rabbit
4. Flipper of whale

Q. Forelimbs of a cat, lizard used in walking; forelimbs of whale used in swimming and forelimbs of bats used of :

1. Analogous organs
2. Adaptive radiation
3. Homologous organs
4. Convergent evolution

Q.

What is a convergent trait?

Q.

Name the following:
Non-functional organs that were fully developed and functional in related ancestors.

Q. Select the members of Phylum Mollusca.

1. Snails
2. Crabs
3. Ants
4. Giant squid
5. Octopus
6. Cockroaches
7. Grasshopper
8. Oysters
9. Clams

Q. Which of the following are homologous organs ?

1. Wings of birds and Locust
2. Wings of birds (sparrow) and pectoral fins of fish
3. Wings of bat and butterfly
4. Legs of frog and cockroach

Q. Which of the following is a pair of homologous organs?

1. Pectoral fin of rohu and forelimb of horse
2. Wings of grasshopper and wings of crow
3. Lungs of rabbit and gills of rohu
4. Wings of bat and wings of butterfly.

Q. Which of the following sets contain only homologous organs?

1. Whale's flipper, horse's forelimb, human hand
2. Wings of butterfly, crow and insect
3. Horse's forelimb, insect wing, human hand
4. Vermiform appendix, body hair and patella

Q.

Homologous structure are -

1. Dissimilar in origin, similar in function

2. Dissimilar in origin and function both

3. Similar in origin and similar in function

4. Similar in origin and dissimilar in function

Q. Forelimbs of whale, bat, cheetah and human are example of:

1. Analogous organ
2. Homologous organs
3. Homoplastic organ
4. Vestigial organ

Q. Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita are examples of

1. Analogous organs
2. Homologous organs
3. Vestigial organs
4. Retrogressive evolution

Q. When organs have similar functions, but different structure and organisation, they are called

1. Homologous organs
2. Analogous organs
3. Vestigial organs
4. None of these

Q.

Give one word/technical term for the following:

An example of vestigial organ. ------------------