Transport of Carbon Dioxide

Q. What is vital capacity of our lungs?

1. Inspiratory reserve volume plus expiratory reserve volume
2. Total lung capacity minus residual volume
3. Inspiratory reserve volume plus tidal volume
4. Total lung capacity minus expiratory reserve volume

Q. What is true about RBCs in humans?

1. They carry about 20-25 per cent of ${CO}_2$
2. They transport 99.5 per cent of $O_2$
3. They transport about 80 per cent oxygen only and the remaining 20 per cent of it is transported in dissolved state in blood plasma
4. They do not carry ${CO}_2$ at all

Q. Carbaminohaemoglobin is formed by the reaction of haemoglobin with

1. Oxygen
2. Carbonic acid
3. Carbon dioxide
4. Carbon monoxide

Q.

Total lung capacity of human beings is?

Q. Hamburger’s phenomenon is also known as

1. $HC{O}_3^{-}shift$
2. $N{a}^{+}shift$
3. $H^{+}shift$
4. $C{l}^{-}shift$

Q. Among other gases, $C{O}_2$ content in the expired air is about

1. $0.04\%$
2. $0.03\%$
3. $4.5\%$
4. $2.1\%$

Q. If expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is 1100 ml , residual volume (RV) is 1200 ml and tidal volume (TV) is 500 ml, what shall be the functional residual capacity (FRC)?

1. 1200ml
2. 2300ml
3. 2800ml
4. 1600ml

Q.

In humans, what happens to oxygen after it is inhaled through the nose?

Q. The electrical charge of the RBC is maintained during carbon dioxide transport by the inward movement of

1. Hydrogen ions
2. Oxygen
3. Chloride ions
4. Bicarbonate ions

Q. Which of the following statements are correct/incorrect?
I. The blood transports carbon dioxide comparatively easily because of its highest solubility.
II. Approximately 89% of carbon dioxide is transported being dissolved in the plasma of blood.
III. The carbon dioxide produced by the tissues, diffuses passively into the blood stream and passes into red blood corpuscles and react with water to form $H_{2}C{O}_3$.
IV. The oxyhaemoglobin $\left(Hb{O}_2\right)$ of the erythrocytes is basic.
V. The chloride ions diffuse from plasma into the erythrocytes to maintain ionic balance.

1. I, III and V are correct. II and IV are incorrect
2. I, III and V are incorrect. II and IV are correct
3. I, II and IV are correct. III and V are incorrect
4. I, II and IV are incorrect. III and V are correct

Q.

The enzyme which converts carbon dioxide in the RBCs into carbonic acid, protons and bicarbonates and its co-factor is

1. Carbonic anhydrase and magnesium

2. Carboxylase and sodium

3. Carboxylase and zinc

4. Carbonic anhydrase and zinc

Q.

The enzyme essential for the transport of ${CO}_2$ as bicarbonate in the blood is

1. Lactase

2. Succinic dehydrogenase

3. Thrombokinase

4. Carbonic anhydrase

Q. If expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is 1100 ml , residual volume (RV) is 1200 ml and tidal volume (TV) is 500 ml, what shall be the functional residual capacity (FRC)?

1. 2300ml
2. 2800ml
3. 1200ml
4. 1600ml

Q. The partial pressure of $C{O}_2$ in the air inside the lungs compared to venous blood is

1. lower
2. variable
3. equal
4. higher

Q. A man could hold his breath for more than 10 minutes. What do you think will be observed in the blood during his last minute of breath holding?

1. Decreased partial pressure of carbon dioxide
2. Decreased pH
3. Increased hematocrit
4. All of the above

Q.

The enzyme essential for the transport of ${CO}_2$ as bicarbonate in the blood is

1. Lactase

2. Succinic dehydrogenase

3. Thrombokinase

4. Carbonic anhydrase

Q. $C{O}_2$ dissociates from carbamino-haemoglobin when:

1. $pC{O}_2\text{is high and}p{O}_2\text{is low}$
2. $p{O}_2\text{is high and}pC{O}_2\text{is low}$
3. $pC{O}_2\text{and}p{O}_2\text{are equal}$
4. $\text{None of the above}$

Q. Which of the following statement is not true?

1. Every $100ml$ of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately $4ml$ of $C{O}_2$ to the alveoli
2. Every $100ml$ of oxygenated blood can deliver $20ml$ of $O_2$ to the tissues
3. Transport of carbon dioxide is carried by haemoglobin in the form of carbaminohaemoglobin
4. None of these

Q.

Respiration involves 5 basic steps and the correct order of them is

1. Pulmonary ventilation $\Rightarrow$ External respiration $\Rightarrow$ Transport of gases $\Rightarrow$ Internal respiration $\Rightarrow$ Cellular respiration

2. Internal respiration $\Rightarrow$ Cellular respiration $\Rightarrow$ Pulmonary ventilation $\Rightarrow$ External respiration $\Rightarrow$ Transport of gases

3. External respiration $\Rightarrow$ Transport of gases $\Rightarrow$ Internal respiration $\Rightarrow$ Cellular respiration $\Rightarrow$ Pulmonary ventilation

4. Internal respiration $\Rightarrow$ Cellular respiration $\Rightarrow$ External respiration $\Rightarrow$ Transport of gases $\Rightarrow$ Pulmonary ventilation

Q. The electrical charge of the RBC is maintained during carbon dioxide transport by the inward movement of

1. Hydrogen ions
2. Oxygen
3. Chloride ions
4. Bicarbonate ions

Q. Approximately 70% of $C{O}_2$ is absorbed by the blood and will be transported to the lungs as ___________.

1. bicarbonate ions
2. carbamino haemoglobin
3. gaseous form
4. carbon monoxide

Q.

Within the blood, oxygen is primarily transported __________________ while the bulk of carbon dioxide is transported _________________.

1. in association with hemoglobin; as carbon dioxide, dissolved in the plasma

2. as deoxyhemoglobin; as carbaminohemoglobin

3. as oxyhemoglobin; as bicarbonate ions

4. dissolved in the plasma; as carbaminohemoglobin

Q. ______________ is formed by the reversible combination of carbon dioxide with haemoglobin.

1. Carboxyhaemoglobin
2. Carbaminohaemoglobin
3. Oxyhaemoglobin
4. Bicarbonate ions

Q.

Within the blood, oxygen is primarily transported __________________ while the bulk of carbon dioxide is transported _________________.

1. in association with hemoglobin; as carbon dioxide, dissolved in the plasma

2. as deoxyhemoglobin; as carbaminohemoglobin

3. as oxyhemoglobin; as bicarbonate ions

4. dissolved in the plasma; as carbaminohemoglobin

Q.

Which one is the cofactor of carbonic anhydrase?

1. Cu

2. Zn

3. Fe

4. Mg