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Question

A 10-cm column of air is trapped by an 8-cm-long column of Hg in a capillary tube horizontally fixed as shown in the figure at 1 atm pressure.
(a) vertically with open end up
(b) vertically with open end down
(c) at 450 from horizontal with the open end up
1109898_07f9402aaa0f4b569a0c719cb53ae935.GIF

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Solution

(a) At the horizontal position of tube, air pressure is 1 atm, i.e., 76 cmHg. If the tube is now held in different given positions at the same temperature, the length of air column will vary. Applying Boyle's law, we have,
p1V1=p2V2
or p1l1a=p2l2a
or p1l1=p2l2.
Now when the tube is held vertically with open end up,
air pressure p2=76cm(Hg)+8cm(Hg)
= 84 cm (Hg).
l2=p1l1p2=76×1084=9.04cm
(b) When the tube is held vertically with open end down,

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