(a) An organic compound X of molecular formula $C_{2} H_{4} O_{2}$ gives brisk effervescence with sodium hydrogen carbonate. give the name and formula of X.
(b) A mixture of ethyne (acetylene) and oxygen is burnt for welding. Can you tell why a mixture of ethyne and air is not used?
(c) Name a chemical reaction which is characteristic of unsaturated hydrocarbons (like alkenes and alkynes).

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Solution

(a) The organic compound 'X' with molecular formula $C_{2} H_{4} O_{2}$ is ethanoic acid. The formula of X (ethanoic acid) is $C H_{3} - C O O H$ .

(b) Ethyne (acetylene) is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. When ethyne is burned in air, it produces an extremely sooty flame due to incomplete combustion. The temperature of the flame is not high enough to melt metals for welding; therefore, a mixture of ethyne and air is used for welding.

(c) The addition reaction is a characteristic of unsaturated hydrocarbons like alkenes and alkynes. An unsaturated hydrocarbon combines with another substance to produce a single product (saturated hydrocarbon), in the presence of a catalyst.

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