Question

A cell is used to send current to an external circuit.

(a) How does the voltage across its terminals compare with its e.m.f.?

(b) Under what condition is the e.m.f. of the cell equal to its terminal voltage?

Answer 1

(a) Terminal voltage is less than the e.m.f.

(b) E.m.f. is equal to the terminal voltage when no current is drawn from the battery.