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Ethanol and its Properties

A compound ' ...

Question

A compound 'X' on heating with excess conc. sulphuric acid at 443 K gives an unsaturated compound 'Y'. 'X' also reacts with sodium metal to evolve a colourless gas 'Z'. Identify 'X, 'Y' and `Z'. Write the equation of the chemical reaction of formation of 'Y' and also write the role of sulphuric acid in the reaction.

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Solution

Compound XHeating−−−−−−−→excess conc.H2SO4at 443 KUnsatuaratedcompound Y
CH3CH2OHEthanolConc.H2SO4−−−−−−−−→443 KCH2=CH2Ethene+H2OWater
X = CH3CH2OH - ethanol
Y= CH2=CH2 - ethene
CH3CH2OH+Na→CH3CH2ONa+H2
Z = Hydrogen gas.
Here concenterated sulphuric acid act as a dehydrating agent, it removes water molecule from ethanol

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